Wood-burning sauna stove Feringer Malyutka telescope in Antique casing up to 18 m³

A Feringer stove is a wood-burning stove that is used to heat saunas. The combustion chamber is a type of fireplace that fits well into the interior of a recreation room. The front part of the fireplace is covered with a large glass screen. The back part of the stove usually opens into the steam room and is the source for its heating.

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In order to eliminate the risk of fire, the walls around the stove, both from the room side and from the steam room side, must be lined with stones from the “Lamelle” series. Walls lined with these stones have increased heat capacity, and the wall itself “breathes.”

Design features

The first thing that catches your eye is the elongated shape and a rather voluminous firebox. Moreover, if you look at the Feringer sauna stove in a horizontal section, it turns out that the firebox is surrounded by stones on almost all sides. And the heat from the wall of the firebox is transferred to the stones, from them the screen is already heated, and then the room is heated by radiant heat from the screen.

Feringer furnace section

Another feature is the firebox without grates. This is because the top combustion principle is used. With this option, the firewood is lit not from below, as we are used to, but from above. This principle makes it possible to use the heat from burning wood to the maximum. In this position, the coals are constantly in the combustion zone. As a result, there are almost no unburned residues. If there are a few coals left, then only those that burned last.

The next design feature is the presence of a smoke tooth and a side combustion system. They also ensure that more heat goes to warming up the heater rather than escaping into the chimney. The side burning system is a special design in the firebox in which the coals do not lie in the center, but are scattered throughout the stack, igniting the wood lying on the side. After all, in wood-burning stoves this is the zone that burns the worst. In Feringer stoves, the entire surface of the wood burns.

The smoke tooth, located in the upper part of the firebox, twists the flame at the top in a spiral (look at the photo). In this way, the flame stays in the firebox longer, heating up the walls more strongly, and small remnants of it end up in the pipe. But the heat that inevitably ends up in the chimney can be used to heat the steam room. For this, Fehringer has several solutions:

• A heater on a pipe in a traditional and non-traditional design: with a mesh or a decorative carved screen.
• Controlled convector on a pipe. This is a device with a duct system around a main metal pipe.

  
  Diagram of air movement during furnace operation

When installing a controlled convector at its very bottom, immediately after the stove is lit, boiling water is poured. As flue gases pass through, water turns into steam and enters specially formed lamella channels. Since moist air (steam) has a large heat capacity, passing along the wall, it takes away and transfers more heat.

Design of Feringer stoves with a closed heater

In general, the firebox is formed mainly by stamping and bending methods, and has a minimum of seams. The seams are located in places with low temperature loads. All furnace elements are made of stainless steel with 17% alloy metal content.

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In stoves with a closed heater, a cylindrical container for stones rests on the base of the stove and covers the firebox on all sides (except for the front part, where the extension or firebox door is installed). To regulate the air flow passing through the heater, there is an adjustable damper. With its help, you can reduce or increase the heating rate of the steam room.

Construction of a furnace for a Feringer bath with a closed heater

When the required temperatures are reached, the damper closes completely or almost completely. The temperature is stabilized and the steam room conditions are maintained in the specified mode.

A smoke tooth is installed in the upper part of the firebox. This is a metal piece curved in the shape of the letter “L” at the top of the firebox. It allows you to twist streams of smoke and flame into a spiral. Because of this, the walls of the firebox warm up better, and the stones warm up from it. This tooth gives another positive result: the flame rises in the pipe only 30-70 cm (in stoves of a conventional design, the height of the flame in the pipe exceeds a meter, and sometimes one and a half to two).

There is an adjustable barrier above the door (1) and below it (2)

The burning speed of wood can be changed using two dampers. One is located above the firebox door, the second below it. It is advisable not to close the upper damper completely: it ensures that there is no soot on the glass. Always leave at least a minimum gap of a couple of millimeters, and the glass on the door will always be clean.

These two dampers regulate the amount of air supplied to the firebox. The more air, the more actively the wood will burn. This mode is necessary at the stage of heating the steam room and stones. Then, when the temperature is close to the required one, they cover themselves and the wood smolders, maintaining the temperature of the stones and practically stopping the heating of the steam room.

Getting steam

Deep inside the heater is a device called a steam gun. This is an L-shaped tube with holes. Another tube is welded to it, which goes to the top of the heater. Water is supplied to it and converted into steam.

This is how a steam gun works

Through small holes in the horizontal tube, water flows into the hottest part of the heater - onto the lower stones. Their temperature is 500-550°C. As a result, tiny droplets are formed, which have a high temperature at the outlet. They are very small, they are almost invisible. This state of steam is called “light”. Probably because after vaping you feel light in your body and never have a headache.

The atmosphere in a steam room consists of many components. The air and walls warm up from the radiation of the stove body and pipe, from the steam that is supplied to the heater. You need to change the temperature in the steam room by manipulating the modes of these elements. There are dampers/gates for this.

How to adjust the combustion intensity and heat transfer of the housing has already been explained (using the valves near the door). It is also necessary to control the air flow through the chimney convector. For this purpose, there is also a valve/gate in its upper part. By moving its handle to the right/left, you open/close, completely or partially, the lumen of the air tubes.

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Devices for adjusting combustion intensity

The new Feringer stoves of the Lamel series have another powerful tool: the heater ventilation valve. At the initial stage, when the stones warm up, it is closed. The heater in this position is unventilated and the stones heat up to high temperatures. Then, to quickly reach the desired temperature, the valve opens.

While this is happening, the walls, floor, ceiling, and shelves are warming up in the steam room. As bath experts say: the steam room is infused. The temperature background of all its parts is equalized. It is in this state of affairs, when heat comes from the walls, and from the shelf, and from the ceiling, that the body warms up deeply. There is no heat. You feel only an even warmth that does not burn, like in a dry air vent, but envelops you, warming you up.

This is a “live” steam gun.
The temperature drops a little. But if it is within the normal range (50-55°), there is no need to raise it again: with each supply of steam it will jump by about 5°C. So, if you raise the humidity, you will also raise the temperature. And before steaming with brooms, you need to warm up two or three more times. During this time, it will grow another 10-15 degrees.

There are fewer requirements for sauna stoves, and their structure is simpler. Their main task is to quickly heat the steam room to the required temperature, and then ensure its maintenance.

Design of sauna stoves from Fehringer

There is almost no steam in dry-air steam rooms; if you occasionally add one or two ladlefuls, then more for aromatization. Therefore, the volume of the heater is small - it should be enough to heat the steam room. They do not perform any other functions.

Adjusting the combustion intensity is the same as in sauna stoves: a valve above and below the fuel door.

Sauna stoves, causes of breakdown

If a metal stove in a bathhouse breaks down, you need to identify the cause of the breakdown. To do this, it is best to use the services of specialists who know the features of this type of structure. After an inspection, a specialist can determine what needs to be purchased and replaced. It is important to remember that any metal sauna stove has a blower, which must be installed correctly.

A metal stove retains heat quite well. This occurs due to a metal cylinder, which is filled with hot air and holds it for a long time. To identify a malfunction of a metal stove, it is necessary to disassemble the brickwork. If it is discovered that a crack has appeared in the iron, then you need to consult with a specialist to determine whether the iron sheet needs to be changed or whether the crack can be welded using a welding machine. If you need to use welding, then you will additionally need to provide an angle grinder and welding electrodes.

Quite often they began to build metal stoves in the bathhouse, because they are practical, economical and environmentally friendly. The metal from which the stove is made has a long warranty, which significantly increases its performance characteristics. When installing a metal stove for a bath, you must follow certain rules:

• It is advisable to use a light oven;
• you need to take into account the distance between the iron and the brickwork;
• you need to take into account the height of the stove and the distance to the ceiling.

Naturally, such parameters for the installation of a metal furnace can only be taken into account if you have experience in this area. Today, many construction enthusiasts, before starting to build a bathhouse, try to consult with specialists who can warn them against problems that arise later.

If a metal stove is created in a bathhouse made of wood, it is necessary to provide lining with insulation. Today, the insulation can be made of stainless steel sheet, which will allow the stove to be heated to the maximum temperature. Quite often, in bathhouses, the stove began to be installed in the corner.

• tile;
• stone;
• porcelain stoneware;
• terracotta;
• clinker;
• tile.

If, while vaping, people notice that the stove does not emit the required temperature, then it needs to be disassembled and the cause of the low temperature is identified. To do this, it is advisable to provide a plan or drawing with which you can quickly disassemble it and find the cause of the breakdown. Having examined various drawings of stoves, you can repair the stove with your own hands.

Very often you can identify the following faults in a metal furnace:

• poor fastening of the steel coupling;
• poorly welded steel disk in the lower part of the furnace;
• the niche for the firebox is made incorrectly;
• the chimney is installed incorrectly;
• the rules regarding the distance between the bottom of the oven and its top are not followed.

In such cases, you should not hesitate; you need to urgently repair the stoves.

When carrying out the correct installation of a metal stove for a bath, you must remember that such a design will allow people to stay in the steam room for a long time. This is due to the fact that during combustion, all carbon monoxide is sent into the chimney, which makes the room always clean and free of smoke. Such a stove is absolutely not harmful to people. If you use it correctly, the possibility of exploitation increases significantly.

To create a metal stove, it is necessary to provide for the presence of certain materials that can be safely used in a room such as a bathhouse. Such materials include:

• corner for creating a frame;
• sheet metal;
• grate;
• pipe for nozzle;
• vent doors.

A properly created stove made of sheet metal will release heat into the room, maintaining the desired temperature. If the stove breaks down, you should not light the firebox, you need to fix the breakdown immediately. This will prevent damage to other parts and save fuel, since if there is a malfunction, the stove will not work well.

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Feringer oven models

This brand produces both sauna stoves - with a closed heater, and sauna stoves - with an open one.

The category of sauna stoves is called “steam stoves” by Fehringer. There are five options. Their technical characteristics are presented below. The price is indicated approximately in dollars due to exchange rate instability.

Furnace models

If we talk about modifications of stoves to create a Russian bath mode, then there are three models:

• Feringer Malyutka Steam for small steam rooms up to 16 cubic meters;
• Feringer Classic - for medium volumes - up to 18 cubic meters;
• Feringer Harmony for steam rooms up to 30 cubic meters.

All of these ovens have the same internal structure, only the dimensions differ. The stoves can be equipped with solid cast-iron doors, doors with glass or a panoramic screen (the result is a fireplace stove).

Technical characteristics of Feringer sauna stoves with a closed heater (to enlarge the table, right-click on it)
Lamel stoves are included in a separate category.” They also create the atmosphere of a Russian steam room. They are made entirely of AISI 430 stainless steel, 3 mm thick.

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This is what the lamellas look like

In this option, you can order a stove with an open heater and a closed one, with a stacked lamella (from several pieces) or a solid one. The stone used is soapstone, serpentine, jadeite, marble and numerous combinations thereof. Moreover, the thickness of the finish can be different. Therefore, overall dimensions are not indicated.

Technical characteristics of Feringer Lamel sauna stoves (to enlarge the table, right-click on it)

In an open heater, the top of the container can be trimmed with metal or stone. The screen can be a regular size, or it can look like a fireplace portal. So the prices here are really “from” - the cheapest option.

These stoves have an open heater. In the catalog they are located in the “Golden Ratio” section. The table summarizes the main technical data; the price is indicated for the option with a standard door with transparent glass. It is possible to install a panoramic screen.

Technical characteristics of Ferniger sauna stoves (to enlarge the table, right-click on it)

How to drown

Due to the unusual design - without grates, fuel loading and ignition in Feringer sauna stoves are different.

The firewood used is of short length, but they are stacked on top of each other, filling 3/4 of the volume. The firebox of the Mini model can accommodate logs up to 270 mm long, for Optima and MaxI - 310 mm. Both whole logs with a diameter of up to 18 cm and chopped into large and small pieces are used.

Before filling, the following are opened: the upper damper on the door, the damper on the chimney. Closed: the lower gate on the door and the heater purge valve (if there is a network). Coarsely chopped firewood is placed at the very bottom of the firebox. You can put one whole log in the Optima and Maxima fireboxes, and surround it with medium-sized fragments.

How to stack firewood in the firebox

After the wood starts to burn, a hum is heard. It means that there is too much oxygen, the combustion is too strong. Therefore, the gate at the top of the door must be gradually closed. With the optimal amount of air, the hum disappears. If the chimney in the bathhouse turns out to be very high (above 8 meters), then the adjustment is carried out with a chimney damper (until the hum is eliminated).

If there is an economizer on the pipe, after reaching normal combustion mode, you can begin to humidify the air and activate heating of the steam room. To do this, boiling water is poured into the economizer tray. The oven is left in this mode until the desired temperature is reached. The duration of warming up depends on how correctly the stove is selected, how it is installed, and how the steam room is insulated.

Do-it-yourself brickwork of the stove

Many experts know that for long-term use of a metal stove in a bathhouse, it is best to make brickwork on the outside. In this case, it is advisable to provide masonry made of refractory bricks. It is necessary to provide a gap between the metal stove and the brickwork.

When building a stove in a bathhouse, it is necessary to purchase high-quality sheets of iron. It is best if it is iron 4-5 mm thick. If at the initial stage of building a metal furnace, low-quality iron is purchased, then the furnace can quickly fail. Most often, such stoves lack draft, which makes the steam room poorly heated. If you build a metal stove with your own hands, then you must take into account all fire safety requirements.