Installing a door in the stove ensures complete safety and gives it an additional stylish appearance. The most popular is the glass door, which has increased resistance to heat. This is an ideal option for a stove, because everything is clearly visible through it, thanks to which you can admire the most beautiful flames in the evenings, and also control the combustion process of the “fuel”.
Types of doors according to manufacturing method
Glass oven door made of heat-resistant material
Various materials are used to make oven doors: metal, cast iron, glass. Cast iron and metal structures have been used for a long time, heat-resistant glass is a new material.
Glass
Glass oven doors have been in use for the last 10 years. Glass sheets are manufactured in several versions:
- Single layer. They have a thickness of 3 mm and are used when burning wood, peat, and plant waste in a firebox.
- Multilayer, 4 mm thick. Installed during the combustion of coal with a high combustion temperature.
Transparent, frosted or embossed glass is installed in the stove doors. Glass doors make it possible to observe the flame. For transparency, you need to wipe the surface with soot-removing products, or buy a material with a coating that prevents its formation.
Metal
Homemade metal door
Ordinary black metal will oxidize when exposed to moisture, this is especially true in a bathhouse. To prevent the formation of rust, metal doors are coated with heat-resistant paint.
The best, although more expensive, option is stainless steel. The product is light in weight and easily attached to a brick structure. The long service life pays off the high purchase price. The modern design makes this stove element a decoration for the interior of the room.
Cast iron
Cast iron construction for firebox and ash pan
A cast iron oven door is the best choice. Has the following advantages:
- durability, service life is practically unlimited;
- high heat resistance;
- wear resistance;
- versatility of use.
Cast iron products are used in furnaces that burn coal. The high temperature (up to 8000C) that occurs during combustion does not damage the structure. For the demanding consumer, a complex design of stove doors is developed and combined with glass inserts.
Types of doors
Several door structures can be installed in the oven at once, including:
Furnace. This type of door is necessary for loading coal, firewood and other fuel materials. They must be as airtight as possible, because if even one small ember falls out of the stove, this will be enough to start a fire. You can also use the combustion chamber to change the flow of oxygen to the fire.
Blower. Just like the furnace room, it must be completely sealed. Its main task is to provide air flow and clean the stove from ash.
For cleaning. This type of door is not required for installation; instead, you can leave one movable brick, which can be removed if necessary.
Furnace portal. It contains two structures at once: a combustion chamber and a blower. It also serves as an additional decoration and makes it possible to clean the stove from contamination or, if necessary, carry out repairs.
Each of the listed doors can be made of different materials, the main thing is that they are fireproof. According to the type of opening, it can be either swing or guillotine. This is at the owner's request.
The oven door can have a different design, for example, a metal frame with glass. Fastening to the stove occurs using pins or brackets. The glass is mounted in such a way that it can withstand high temperatures. Its mount is removable so that in case of damage it can be easily replaced with a new one.
The glass in the oven is highly impact-resistant and it is almost impossible to break it with logs or a poker. The door is equipped with a locking handle and several hinges. For greater sealing of the product, a heat-resistant cord is laid between the glass and the metal frame. When burning wood in a stove, you can safely touch the metal frame without fear of burning, because it has low thermal conductivity.
It is very important to keep the stove completely sealed to avoid carbon monoxide, which is very dangerous to human health, from entering the room.
How to choose?
Choosing a cast iron deck for your stove is not difficult. To buy a quality product, the installation of which will not require much effort, it is enough to take into account several nuances.
What are the sizes of cast iron sheets?
Cast iron sheets can be square or rectangular. The most popular are rectangular slabs. The surface dimensions directly depend on the size of the oven.
The standard dimensions of a cast iron stove for a stove are:
- 34 by 41 cm,
- 71 by 41 cm,
- 66 by 41 cm,
- 51 by 34 cm.
Number of burners in different models
Typically ovens have two burners. But their number can vary from one to six (it all depends on the surface area). Solid cast iron sheets may have no holes at all. But the cooking time on this type of stove can be long due to the slow heating of the cookware.
Other criteria for choosing a quality product
You should pay attention to the quality and composition of the material from which the stove is made. If you find chips, scratches and other various defects on the surface, then it is better to refuse the purchase.
A high-quality product has a smooth surface and its weight is quite large. There are no lightweight cast iron stoves.
It is worth taking the time to study the composition of cast iron. Cast iron, which is used for smelting, is a combination of 2% carbon with iron. But if it contains any components unknown to you, be sure to ask the seller about them. After all, some chemical elements are not environmentally friendly and can harm your health.
Features of heat-resistant glass
Since consumers most often choose glass doors, it would not be amiss to talk about the heat-resistant glass used in their construction. The technological process for producing such glass consists of several steps:
- High temperature processing
- Chemical treatment
- Special type of polishing
In special furnaces for glass melting, glass of the required thickness is obtained, which is given the properties of fire resistance and reliability. Due to the fact that heat-resistant glass undergoes multi-stage processing, there are no even the slightest cracks or abrasions on their surface.
Ready-made glass for a stove door has a lot of positive qualities, which have helped such designs become incredibly popular:
- Long warm-up time.
- High temperature resistance.
- Aesthetic appearance.
- Noise absorption.
- Tightness.
- Prevents scratches and cracks from appearing on the glass during operation.
Preparation, list of tools
Before starting work, you need to determine and mark the place that the new stove will occupy.
The chimney pipe should be no closer than 15 cm from the roof rafters.
If you are doing masonry for the first time, professional stove makers advise you to practice in advance by making a model of the future stove from prepared bricks. Naturally, without a solution. This minimizes possible risks during real masonry, allowing you to learn from your mistakes, which can still be corrected in the layout.
The stove foundation requires preliminary waterproofing; its area must exceed the area of the stove.
When laying a new row, you need to control the absolute verticality of the walls.
To build a brick kiln, the following tools are needed:
- plumb line;
- trowel;
- roulette;
- putty knife;
- Bulgarian;
- knitting wire;
- building level;
- metal strips, corners;
- containers for cement and clay mortar.
Metal doors
Iron doors are completely made of metal. Installation of such structures is quick and simple. They retain heat well; their indisputable advantage is excellent fire safety. This functional and reliable design can be made by the owner himself or purchased at an affordable price. The inability to observe the play of flame affects the demand for metal doors (it is quite low), but their indisputable advantage is good wear resistance.
Cast iron doors are sealed and completely protect the heated room from the penetration of carbon monoxide. Cast iron is an environmentally friendly material; when it is heated, no toxic substances are released into the air. This is a neutral option between glass and other metal products. Their use guarantees high reliability and safety, but there is a misconception that they do not provide a decent appearance.
The modern market offers a wide range of these products. In addition to serving as a reliable barrier to sparks, they act as an original decorative element. Cast iron models are used in both Russian and wood-burning sauna stoves. They are installed both during the construction of the furnace and when the construction process has come to an end.
Modern designers offer new models of stove doors made of artistic casting. They serve as an excellent decoration and emphasize the delicate taste and sense of style of the owner of the room. Interest in single-leaf and double-leaf glass structures continues, because they are quite reliable and safe.
The choice of material for the oven door must be approached taking into account the characteristics of the room and the type of fuel used. The door is constantly exposed to high temperatures, which means it is necessary to avoid its possible destruction, change in shape, as well as the release of toxic substances into the air during the heating process.
Preparation, list of tools
Before starting work, you need to determine and mark the place that the new stove will occupy.
The chimney pipe should be no closer than 15 cm from the roof rafters.
If you are doing masonry for the first time, professional stove makers advise you to practice in advance by making a model of the future stove from prepared bricks. Naturally, without a solution. This minimizes possible risks during real masonry, allowing you to learn from your mistakes, which can still be corrected in the layout.
The stove foundation requires preliminary waterproofing; its area must exceed the area of the stove.
When laying a new row, you need to control the absolute verticality of the walls.
To build a brick kiln, the following tools are needed:
- plumb line;
- trowel;
- roulette;
- putty knife;
- Bulgarian;
- knitting wire;
- building level;
- metal strips, corners;
- containers for cement and clay mortar.
Self-production of forged doors
Real forging is very expensive, so you can use its imitation. But since the structure will not be so strong, it should be created on the basis of a frame. For this, two corners are used. The frame will not be solid, but only representing the lower part of the door and the part to which the hinges will be attached.
Forged doors are usually made as double hinged doors. Forging elements are welded onto the created frame. The main thing is that they are identical in pairs on two doors. Such fireplace doors will not stop flying embers, and this should be constantly remembered.
Oven door functions
Its most important function is to prevent sparks from falling from the stove onto the floor. In addition, it helps eliminate drafts that occur when the firebox is open. A closed stove can be left unattended and walked away with full confidence that not a single ember will fall out. In addition, the door serves to suppress smoke in the house.
If it is made of heat-resistant glass, then due to the transparency of the material, you can observe the burning fire. What is very important is that the smell of burning does not enter the house. If the firebox is closed, the efficiency of burning wood increases, which leads to less wood consumption.
Thanks to modern technologies, oven doors can be made with an air-cooled frame, as well as with special non-heating fittings. In addition, a blowing system can be installed on the oven door.
Doors equipped with such options will help ensure that even small children are safe around the stove. If the handle is removable, this will help prevent a child from accidentally opening the firebox and getting burned.
Installation methods: choose any!
Check how easily the door opens and closes. If the part is new and tight, it needs to be developed before installation.
There are several ways to “embed” a part into the masonry: on a corner, using a stainless steel box, etc. Let's describe the most popular ones.
Installation of the combustion door on a wire
Experienced stove makers recommend using nichrome wire
, since this grade of steel has both ductility and good heat resistance. It will serve you faithfully for several decades.
You need to attach a wire to the frame of the combustion door, the diameter of which is 2-3 times less than the thickness of the joints in the brickwork. Usually the doors already have special holes for the wire, so this installation stage will not cause difficulties. But if there are no ready-made holes, it doesn’t matter. Drilling holes in a cast iron product is easy; with glass you will have to tinker more.
Installation on elements made of stainless steel sheets
These methods are more progressive. Stainless steel mounting elements are either flanged plates or a solid shell.
A thermally insulating non-combustible material, for example, silica fiber, must be placed between the stainless steel and the masonry. This is both protection against high temperatures and provision of damping for linear repetitive expansion of metal products during intense heating.
Flanged plates hold the part, clinging to the brickwork. Moreover, these plates must be installed on self-tapping screws, and the holes must be drilled in advance.
The one-piece shell is placed on the combustion door frame. The thickness of the metal sheet in this case should be less than when using plates.
Installing the door with self-tapping screws or bolts
A rather dubious option in terms of reliability for installing cast iron, metal and glass parts for the firebox.
Do not place the product tightly in the masonry under any circumstances.
You should also avoid sealing cracks with a solution of clay and sand. The part heats up quickly and strongly, which means that when it expands it can cause cracking of the brick and destroy masonry joints.
For clarity, we have prepared a video that will help you understand how to correctly install this firebox element.
What it is?
Hidden under the name “furnace doors for stoves” is a well-known element of fireplace design. Do not forget that, first of all, it, of course, performs utilitarian functions, but the overall appearance of your fireplace, and with it the atmosphere in the room, also depends on it. Fire doors for furnaces simultaneously serve:
- a barrier so that the fire burns better;
- a guarantee of safety so that not a single spark penetrates into the room;
- decorating a stove or fireplace.
Therefore, the choice of such a door should be approached with special care. And in our store you will find everything you need for this, thanks to our wide catalog.
What types of doors are there?
It is necessary to distinguish between two types of doors, which are used in heating devices and are widely represented in our catalog.
- Doors for stoves - as a rule, are a cast iron plate, uniform or richly decorated with patterns, which reliably protects the space surrounding the stove from sparks and ash.
- Fireplace doors are a more complex and elegant device, created from a cast iron frame and a special type of glass that is resistant to temperature changes, through which you can clearly see everything that happens to the flame inside.
What is the best way to buy a door?
The most convenient way for any buyer will be to purchase a door for fireplaces in the “Stoves Here” store. Here you will find:
- qualified consultants who are always happy to help you with your choice;
- convenient terms of delivery and payment for goods;
- a simple order form, filling out which will not take you much time;
- favorable prices accessible to everyone;
- An excellent selection of products for stoves and fireplaces for every taste.
Despite their simplicity, stove doors contain several elements, each of which performs a specific task.
In the first place is the door itself, which is designed to open and close the oven, ensuring safety during operation. There are several versions of these parts, for which different materials are used.
The most popular is the design with heat-resistant glass, metal and cast iron. Depending on what material is taken as a basis, the product acquires certain properties and characteristics.
During the production of equipment, special attention is paid to the elements located on the front side of the furnace, because the operation of the main equipment, as well as the design of the room, depends on their configuration
Features of oven glass
As already mentioned, only heat-resistant glass is used to make the oven door, which can withstand oven heating up to 1000 degrees. This possibility is achieved due to the fact that the glass contains no impurities and it undergoes special processing, that is, tempering, impregnation with chemical reagents and polishing.
In terms of its heat resistance, glass is in no way inferior to metal. There is no possibility of chips, cracks or scratches on it. Often, a small area of the flooring is covered with the same material to prevent the surface from igniting if coal accidentally falls out.
Among the main characteristics of glass it is necessary to highlight:
- Single-layer glass can withstand temperatures up to 550 degrees, and multilayer glass up to 1000 degrees. The choice of one type of glass or another depends entirely on what fuel the stove will run on;
- The optimal insert thickness is 3.5-4 mm. The strength of the glass will depend on this parameter;
- Multilayer glass inserts are quite strong and durable, but for a home stove, a single layer will be sufficient;
- The glass surface is capable of self-cleaning. All soot that gets on the glass will burn and there will be too little soot left;
- If the stove is used regularly, it will be quite noisy.
Door specifics
If you intend to make a door with glass inserts, you should first of all decide on its style
It is important that it matches the overall decoration of the room and the specifics in your particular case. So, for example, in small rooms it makes sense to make a double-leaf insert or a rising one to save space.
Both of these options are ideal for a corner fireplace. The main point that should not be forgotten is the selection of glass. It must have a heat resistance of at least 800 degrees - it is to this temperature that the flame usually flares up.
The prepared glass is inserted into the metal frame of the door itself, and that, in turn, is attached with hinges to the outer frame, which is fixedly fixed in the opening of the firebox. Wherein:
- a seal is installed on the inside to prevent smoke from entering the room;
- At the bottom of the outer frame, holes are made with adjustable plugs for air access to the firebox;
- Keep in mind that metal tends to expand greatly when heated, so the gap between the transparent insert and the frame is not made too large;
- When starting production, remember that the glass cannot be fixed tightly, because during installation it will need to be removed from the door;
- strips of fiberglass are inserted into the frame to seal it.
Tips for choosing a door with glass
If the oven is already ready for use and only needs a door, then all you have to do is measure the opening and buy the product. If the stove is only in the process of development, then it is important to calculate all the parameters, taking into account the blower and firebox. It is also important to consider what fuel the stove will run on. If it is coal, then the size can be small, if it is wood, then the damper should be large. Typically, the parameters of the furnace chamber are 15 cm wide and 40 cm high, but in order to be able to admire the flames, you can increase the size of the furnace.
When designing a door yourself, the glass must be placed in a metal, cast iron or steel frame. It is recommended to install it in steel because it has less weight.
In order not to worry about whether the glass will withstand high temperatures, it is recommended to immediately purchase multilayer glass. Its parameters must be specified in the technical passport.
As for aesthetic characteristics, an arched door will look beautiful, and more sophisticated ones are made to order. It is important to consider that the glass and frame are in harmony with the style of the room.
Thus, the glass door for the stove will not only provide reliable protection against embers falling out and smoke entering the room, but will also become a stylish addition to the interior of the room. It will give you the opportunity to enjoy the burning of logs on cold winter evenings, as well as feel cozy and warm.
How to fold a stove firebox with your own hands
The furnace firebox consists of a ashpit (ash pan) with a door, a grate and a combustion chamber (firebox) with a door.
Dimensions are determined based on the volume of firewood for simultaneous loading. The width of the combustion chamber is equal to its door or slightly wider on both sides.
The height of the firebox should facilitate complete combustion of fuel, which is achieved by having free space in the chamber after loading firewood. Recommended height 80-100 cm.
Reference. The depth of the furnace firebox must accommodate the length of the combustible material; there are no other restrictions.
The combustion chamber is connected to the ash pan via a grate. The latter is designed to supply air during combustion and collect ash. When installing the grate, it must be buried below the level of the fire door to prevent burning coals from falling onto the floor.
The firebox must have bevels in the direction of the grate to move the ash into the ash pit. The gap between the masonry and the grate must be at least 5 mm to prevent rupture of the brick as a result of the difference in expansion of the brick material and metal at high temperatures.
The choice of materials for masonry and flooring, how to process the structure
The structure is made of clay red brick with lining (lining) of fire-resistant material
When choosing a brick material, you need to pay attention to ensure that it is not burnt or cracked. High-quality brick, suitable for stove masonry, has smooth edges, sharp edges and a uniform color; when tapped, a clear, almost metallic sound is heard
Attention! Sand-lime brick is not suitable for the construction of the device. The following materials will be required:
The following materials will be required:
- red brick - for walls;
- refractory and wedge-shaped (fireclay) bricks - for lining and forming the ceiling;
Photo 1. Refractory brick used for laying the furnace firebox. Before using the material, you must ensure its integrity.
- clay, sand, water - for solution;
- cast iron grate;
- doors of the combustion chamber and ash pan;
- steel strips or wires - for fastening doors;
- asbestos sheet - for a fireproof gasket between the masonry and the doors.
To connect the stove masonry, you can buy a ready-made mixture or prepare the solution yourself. In high-temperature zones, compositions made exclusively of red clay, sand and clean water are used. The quality of the solution depends on the viscosity, plasticity and fat content of the clay. Sand for construction must be free of dirt and impurities.
Preparing tools
The necessary set of tools will allow you to make a structure with your own hands:
furnace hammer;
- trowel - for applying the solution;
- large container - for preparing the solution;
- building level - to control the correctness of the masonry;
- measuring instruments - ruler, tape measure, square;
- plumb lines - to determine the outer contour.
How to properly cover the firebox and make a roof for a brick oven
To build a firebox, the exact layout of the future furnace must be determined and a foundation with a layer of waterproofing must be laid.
Before laying on the mortar, you need to assemble the structure without it - to accurately adjust the bricks to size.
The phased construction looks like this:
- Prepare a solution.
- The first row is laid on the foundation without gaps and formed under the stoves.
- On the second row, the formation of the ash pan and the fastening of its door begin. To do this, mark the center of the future firebox and place the blower strictly under it. A flexible wire is passed through the holes in the door frame and its ends are twisted into a bundle. Wire bundles are fixed in the masonry layer.
- The contour of the blower and the location for laying the grate are formed.
- Secure the combustion door with wire. The door frame is insulated with a gasket made of non-combustible material.
- The walls of the firebox and the vault with a hole for connecting the chimney are formed.
- The combustion chamber is lined with refractory bricks.
Important! During construction, you cannot combine simple bricks and refractory bricks due to different expansion coefficients. When heated, such masonry will burst
Characteristics
The designs of all stoves, unlike most fireplaces, require the mandatory closing of the hearth. The furnace door for the stove has several functions:
- protects the room from open fire;
- ensures heat transfer from burning fuel to rooms;
- prevents sparks from entering the room;
- increases the efficiency of the combustion process;
- decorates the structure as a whole.
All elements of furnaces must be fire-resistant, mechanically strong, and prevent the occurrence of fires.
Conventional doors for the combustion chamber allow air to pass through because they are not sealed tightly with a regular handle. Compacted types have a clamping mechanism, which reduces the amount of air entering the interior.
On a note! There are completely sealed modifications with a sealing fire-resistant cord around the perimeter; in such designs it is possible to regulate the intensity of the incoming air flow.
An eye-pleasing feature of some doors is a glass insert mounted in the center; it does not perform any important functions, but it makes it possible to enjoy the sight of a burning fireplace, which many owners really like.
