Swedish bath - features of arrangement and heating, benefits of visiting

Swedish bath bastu

(from Swedish “badstuga” - “baths”) is a unique combination of convenience and comfort. Its feature is the free circulation of air provided by a special ventilation system. Thanks to this, steamers can breathe easily and freely, even while in the sauna.

Considering the features of the Swedish bath, it is worth highlighting the constant movement of air masses. All rooms are regularly ventilated and dried. The structure of a Swedish bath is similar to an inverted glass.

Heating was carried out according to the following scheme:

There were several cracks in the floor of the bathhouse opening onto the street.
The air in the lower part of the steam room passed through the stove and was heated.
Heated air masses rose upward, filled the steam room and pushed the cold through these cracks.

It is interesting that the principle of construction in the form of an “inverted glass” is still used today, but in a more modern design.

Swedish bath - features of arrangement and heating, benefits of visiting

The Swedish bath bastu (from the Swedish “badstuga” - “baths”) is a unique combination of convenience and comfort. Its feature is the free circulation of air provided by a special ventilation system. Thanks to this, steamers can breathe easily and freely, even while in the sauna.

Heating was carried out according to the following scheme:

There were several cracks in the floor of the bathhouse opening onto the street.
The air in the lower part of the steam room passed through the stove and was heated.
Heated air masses rose upward, filled the steam room and pushed the cold through these cracks.

It is interesting that the principle of construction in the form of an “inverted glass” is still used today, but in a more modern design.

Bastu - national Swedish bath

There is nothing more suitable for cleansing the body and soul than a good bath. Today, more than ever, the Finnish sauna is popular and in demand, about which you can hear and read a lot, as well as visit it. But not everyone knows that she has a very close relative, which is the Swedish bathhouse Bastu.

Swedish bath Bastu

The Swedes are distinguished by their special love for everything comfortable, high-quality, natural and pleasing to the eye. So Bastu is the embodiment of all this. One of the features that distinguishes the Swedish sauna from others is the ventilation in the sauna, which provides 100% free air circulation, which will allow you to breathe freely and easily while in the sauna.

Basic principles of Bastu design

Bastu is a convection bath in which there is a constant movement of air masses, which greatly facilitates breathing. The principle of ventilation and drying at the time of the founding of this bath was as follows. Its structure resembled an inverted glass and stood above the ground. There were gaps in its floor that opened onto the street. The air from below the steam room, passing through the stove, heated up and rose inside, filling the room, it displaced the cold through these cracks. The principle of the “inverted glass” is still relevant today, only in a more modernized version.

Materials used in assembling Bastu

The sauna itself is assembled from ready-made panels or timber. For the external cladding, insulation and lining are used. If in a Finnish sauna foil is often used as a heat-insulating material, then one of the features of Bastu is the use of special mineral fiber as a heat insulator. This particular material is used because it is generally accepted that foil dries out the wood greatly.

If in the manufacture of a Swedish bath such materials as glass were used in windows and portholes of walls and doors, then the dominant material of Bastu is still wood. The cabins are made of softwood, particularly spruce or cedar. Mainly slow-growing spruce trees are used. Since the structure of the materials obtained from them is more dense. The resulting wood is subjected to vacuum heat treatment. After this procedure, its humidity is no more than 7%.

The advantage of cedar is that it produces almost no resin. A cedar sauna is beautiful and cozy with a golden and slightly reddish tint to the walls. Cedar wood also has an exceptionally pleasant aroma that fills the steam room for a very long time. The peculiarity of such materials is that they are extremely light and moisture resistant.

Swedish sauna installed in the bathroom of the house

Prefabricated Swedish baths, just like Finnish ones, are very convenient. They are assembled within a few hours. Recently, Bastu made from spruce logs has become very popular, which gives the sauna an exceptional color and pristine appearance. In addition to the types of wood described above, Canadian hemlock and alder are also used in the construction of a Swedish bath.

The rest of the interior decoration is also made of wood, but of a different species, which has a porous structure and heats up rather slowly. Which is simply irreplaceable in the manufacture of products whose surfaces are constantly in contact with the body. This is the African abah tree. Also in our homeland there grows a tree that is not inferior to abacha in moisture resistance and beauty. One can even say that in these qualities it leaves the “foreigner” behind. This tree is aspen. Benches, cornices, buckets, lamps, thermometers, flooring and all interior decoration are made from such wood inside Bastu. You can also complement the sauna with comfortable wooden chairs - sun loungers and a swimming pool, also made of wood. Aspen is simply irreplaceable if the Finnish sauna operates in the Russian steam room mode.

About 90% of bath and sauna technology experts consider the principles of building Swedish baths to be the most effective and best among all others in the world. There are indisputable facts about this. Despite the fact that the word “sunnah” came from the Finnish language, in ancient times the palaces of the Vatican and the Principality of Monaco were equipped with saunas built according to the Bastu principle. In fact, it boasts a fairly significant list of advantages that distinguish this type of bathhouse from others that are equally popular.

One of the main advantages is considered to be the prostate control of such a sauna. In order to launch Basta, you only need to press a few buttons. Also an undeniable advantage is the mobility of this bathhouse and its rather small size. Thanks to this, Basta can easily be installed in almost any room, including even in the bathroom or attic. But the room for placing a Swedish sauna must be heated.

Stoves for Swedish saunas

The Swedes use the stoves used in Bastu as heaters. These are special electric stoves designed for installation in saunas. They are quite easy to use and very practical. Using such stoves, you can warm up the entire sauna room in just 30 minutes. This is much easier than using wood-burning stoves in Russian baths, which not everyone can light, or any other stoves that run on liquid or solid fuel, since they require cleaning, and some require constant support for the fire to burn.

Heater for saunas and baths

Conclusion!

The Swedes preferred modern technologies, and in particular programmable heaters, which are practically autonomous. No one should have any difficulties when working with this technique. The electronic heater system is programmed to turn on and off independently. This allows you to set sauna operating modes, which may include continuous operation of Bastu throughout the day or week. In this case, the heaters operate in standby mode, remaining constantly warmed up.

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Features of a Swedish bath

The distinctive features of bastu are its mobility and small dimensions. It takes only a few hours to assemble this structure. It is easy to control, so it is often installed in private houses and even apartments (less often in verandas). In Sweden, such baths are very popular; they are installed in gyms, swimming pools, etc.

Interesting!
Bastu should not only be practical, but also have an attractive design.
That is why glass doors are often used for furnishing. Swedes value coziness and naturalness in their rooms, so a traditional basta cannot be imagined without a full set of bath accessories. These include lamps, thermometers, and tubs carved from wood for water.

The main advantages of saunas

Tylö's prefabricated saunas are a complete steam room complex, the assembly of which takes only a few hours.

Among the main advantages of Tylo ready-made saunas:

elegant, modern design. The buyer is offered various finishing and filling options;

compactness. The smallest models can be installed on only 1.3 square meters of area! Therefore, you can easily turn even a standard bathroom in a city apartment into a home SPA complex;

Absolutely environmentally friendly. Natural wood is used for interior decoration - spruce, birch, alder, oak. All plastic components are vacuum formed under strict control. Tylö guarantees that both production technologies and finished products comply with all environmental requirements;

comfortable and safe operation. Intuitive controls add to the enjoyment of using Tylo products;

a wide range of models that can satisfy the needs of any buyer. There are both budget options and spacious premium spa complexes on sale. Regardless of the model you choose, using it will give you maximum pleasure and comfort.

Heating system bastu

The stoves in the Swedish bath are significantly different from the usual stone stoves. They are heaters (that's what the Swedes call them). To heat a room using an electric stove, 35-40 minutes is enough. For those who prefer steam baths, stoves with an air steam generator are installed.

Some stoves can be controlled electronically. Thanks to this, you can turn the oven on or off and set its operating time. When visiting a Swedish sauna, the stove does not stop working – it maintains a certain temperature inside the steam room.

Comparison of traditional bastu with modern baths

Comparing the ancient bathhouse with modern buildings, several differences can be identified. So, instead of natural ventilation (slots), special openings are installed - one is located under the stove, the other is on the opposite side.

During construction, lining made of natural cedar or spruce wood is used for external wall cladding. These rocks have a pleasant fragrance when the temperature rises, moreover, they do not emit resin. To provide thermal insulation, foil or mineral fiber is used.

What are the advantages of bastu?

In ancient times, palaces and castles in the Vatican and Monaco were equipped with Swedish baths. Today they not only have not lost their merits, but have also significantly expanded their list.

So, the advantages of a Swedish bath include:

Possibility of arranging a small-sized bath complex in your own home;
Automated bastu control - just use the remote control to select the heating mode and temperature;
Swedish baths have been proven to be the safest in the world.

The benefits of regularly visiting bastu are obvious - strengthening the immune system, improving overall health, getting a boost of energy and good mood.

Interestingly, the Swedes do not usually use brooms or washcloths for steaming. They use special brushes with which you can achieve complete and deep cleansing of the skin. Today, bastu is settled not only in Sweden, it has become widespread all over the world, incl. in Russia.

But if a Russian bathhouse is important to you, then you can order the construction of a bathhouse from timber from our company. We build quickly and efficiently!

Source of the article: https://almaz2000.ru/for-clients/articles/shvedskaya-banya-osobennosti-obustroystva-i-obogreva-polza-posesheniya/

Your personal sauna

Prefabricated Swedish baths, like Finnish ones, are assembled within a few hours. Recently, bastu made from spruce logs have become very popular, which give it a northern flavor and a wild look in a good way. In addition to the types of wood described above, Canadian hemlock and alder are also used when assembling a Swedish bath.

The interior decoration is also made of wood, but of different species, with a more porous structure, which allows it to heat up slowly. This is very useful for surfaces that are constantly in contact with the body. Usually aspen is used for these purposes. Benches, cornices, buckets, lamps, thermometers, flooring and other internals are made from it. You can also complement the basta with comfortable wooden lounge chairs and a swimming pool with a wooden body. Aspen is simply irreplaceable if the Swedish sauna operates in the Russian steam room mode.

Most specialists in bath and sauna technologies consider the principles of building Swedish baths to be the most effective and safe among all others in the world. Indeed, it boasts a fairly significant list of advantages that distinguish this type of bathhouse from others that are equally popular.

One of the main advantages is the ease of operation of such a sauna. In order to start the basta, you only need to press a few buttons. Also an undeniable advantage is the mobility of this bath and its fairly compact size. Thanks to this, the basta can be easily installed in almost any room, including even in the bathroom or attic. But the room for placing a Swedish sauna must be heated.

Nine ways to become a real Swedish man

Swedish bath bastu

Heating was carried out according to the following scheme:

There were several cracks in the floor of the bathhouse opening onto the street.
The air in the lower part of the steam room passed through the stove and was heated.
Heated air masses rose upward, filled the steam room and pushed the cold through these cracks.

How does bastu work?

Bastu is a convection bath - there is a constant movement of air masses in it, which makes breathing much easier. The principle of ventilation and drying at the time of the inception of these baths was as follows: since the structure resembled an inverted glass and stood above the ground, and there were cracks in the floor facing the street, the air from below the steam room, passing through the stove, heated up and rose inside, filling room, and forced the cold out through these cracks. The principle of the “inverted glass” still applies today, only in a more modernized version.

The bastu itself is built from ready-made panels or timber. For external cladding, insulation and lining are used. If in a Finnish sauna foil is usually used as thermal insulation, then special mineral fiber is used in basta. They do this because it is believed that foil dries out the wood greatly.

The main material in bastu is wood. Cabins are built from softwood, in particular spruce or cedar. Most often, slow-growing spruce trees are taken. This is because the structure obtained from such materials is more dense. The resulting wood is subjected to vacuum heat treatment. After this, its humidity is no more than 7%.

Cedar is good because it practically does not emit resin. The sauna it makes is beautiful and cozy, with a golden and slightly reddish tint to the walls. Cedar wood also has an exceptionally pleasant aroma that fills the steam room for a very long time. The peculiarity of such materials is that they are extremely light and moisture resistant.

In many Swedish baths there is no separation between men's and women's areas - everyone sits in the same room or splashes in the same pool

Features of a Swedish bath

Swedish bath bastu

To tell about the Swedish bath, I tortured my friend from distant Sweden for a long time. I learned first-hand that there is no such thing as a “buffet bath”.

In this Scandinavian country, the bathhouse is simply called bastu. And by and large, for the Swedes, bastu is the same as a sauna for the Finns.

But the comparison is rather conditional. Different peoples cannot compose the same song, and it is impossible to create or build completely identical bathhouses.

Bastu is distinguished by its mobility and small size. Assembling such a bath takes only a few hours. It is easy to control and can be installed on the lower floors of houses, attics, and verandas. In Sweden, bastu is incredibly popular; it is available in gyms and swimming pools. Even some nursing homes are equipped with such saunas.

When building a bastu, the Swedes use synthetic materials, and they also insulate the Finnish sauna.

For example, mineral fiber provides thermal insulation for walls. It is a well-known fact that Finns widely use foil for thermal insulation. The Swedes believe that foil has a bad effect on the structure of the wood, so it is not used in saunas. But Russian baths do not respect artificial materials at all.

For the interior decoration of the Swedish bath cabin, spruce or cedar is used. Moreover, to improve the physical properties of wood, it is subjected to special processing. And all the interior decoration: benches, floor gratings, cornices - are made from aspen, which is familiar to us. The exotic African tree – abakh – is also widely used. This wood, exotic for us, heats up slowly, so it quickly found use in hot rooms.

Swedes love comfort and naturalness, so Bastu has a full range of bath accessories. Unusual lamps, thermometers, wooden tubs for water - the usual set of Swedish saunas. I doubt that Russian baths are equipped with glass doors, but for bastu such aesthetics are common. It looks quite beautiful and quite cute.

But Bastu is famous not only for its interior decoration and accessibility. The Swedish bastu is distinguished by a mandatory ventilation system. Air circulation provides easy breathing for lovers of the hot embrace of the sauna.

I would like to say a few words about the stoves for the Swedish sauna. They are completely far from our huge stone ovens. These are heaters in their purest form, by the way, that’s what the Swedes themselves call them. It will take no more than an hour to heat the basta with such an electric furnace. For lovers of steam baths, stoves with a steam generator are installed. And some small comparison with the Russian bath can be found. Thus, bastu can be done with dry steam, or with the possibility of adding steam.

It is also noteworthy that such furnaces are controlled electronically, so the time of switching on, operating and shutting down the furnace can be programmed. That is, schedule the operation in standby mode. While visitors are waiting, the sauna does not cool down; the stove operating program maintains the temperature inside the room. Swedish electric furnaces are recognized as one of the best and safest in the world.

I asked my Swedish friend about chopped baths, more familiar to us. To which I received a comprehensive answer that such construction is not typical for the Swedes. Also, among our northern neighbors it is not customary to take a steam bath with a broom, but this does not at all detract from the undeniable advantages of the Swedish bath. The Swedes' bath and sauna construction technologies are considered the best in the whole world. Have you been to Basta?

Read about how to travel to Sweden on the website https://tourwebring.com/

Contraindications

Sauna has health benefits - that's a fact. However, in some cases it can cause significant harm to health.

acute and infectious diseases;
elevated body temperature;
tuberculosis;
oncology;
poor blood clotting;
bleeding tendency;
heart diseases.

If you have a cold or a dry cough, you can and even need to visit the sauna. According to experts, steaming, sweating profusely and inhaling healing coniferous aromas will facilitate the release of secretions from the bronchi, strengthen the immune system and help quickly cope with illness.

If you have balanoposthitis, it is not recommended to visit the sauna, since at high temperatures the pathogenic microflora will begin to develop faster.

When undergoing medical therapy, visiting the sauna should be agreed with the attending doctor. In any case, it is better to cancel going to the bathhouse during injections so as not to provoke a deterioration in your health.

During your period, visiting a sauna is highly undesirable, as heating the body can cause heavy bleeding.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with: Foundation made of FBS concrete blocks: prefabricated strip, for home

Training is not a contraindication to visiting the sauna. However, as experts recommend, exercise on this day should be of moderate severity, and after the gym you can stay in the steam room for no more than 20 minutes.

The sauna is not contraindicated for pregnant women, but in each specific case it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Children's age is also not a contraindication to bath procedures. If the child is healthy, he can stay in the sauna under the supervision of adults, but the time spent in the steam room should not exceed two to three minutes.

Heating system bastu

Bath equality

In many Swedish baths there is no separation between men's and women's areas - everyone sits in the same room or splashes in the same pool. And coming to the bathhouse in a swimsuit is bad manners. The shyest ones can wrap themselves in a cotton towel - the Swedes do not welcome synthetics, as they believe that they weaken the healing effect of bastu. But usually no one looks at anyone - in the bathhouse everyone is equal. The whole family often goes to Swedish baths, so teenagers, their parents, and very young children can be in the same room. Sometimes, however, they organize “women’s days” when men are not allowed into the bath complex. You should not make noise in Swedish baths - it interferes with the relaxation of other guests.

By the way, in the XV-XVII centuries. in Rus', in bathhouses, joint bathing of men and women was also common, and the imperial decree prohibiting everyone from washing together was issued only under Catherine II in 1782. The previous decree of the Governing Senate from 1741 was not successful. But this custom finally came to an end only under Alexander I.

Finnish sauna – what is it?

What is a Finnish sauna for an inexperienced bath attendant? The Finnish sauna is a dry type of steam room in which hot air is effectively alternating with cold water, which leads to increased sweating. In this case, the air temperature reaches 100 degrees, and the water temperature reaches 40 degrees. The Finnish steam room is represented by a special wooden room equipped with shelves and loungers placed along the walls to the ceiling.

The air heating temperature in the sauna is adjusted using a built-in thermostat and can range from 70 to 100 degrees. Air humidity is maintained in the range of 20%, which ensures the creation of dry steam.

Such conditions promote increased sweating and prevent condensation.

Next, the human body is cooled with cool water in a pool or natural body of water to generally harden the body and increase resistance to colds.

In terms of construction method and structural elements, bathhouses and saunas are largely similar. Both types have rest rooms, washrooms, steam rooms and heater stoves. After your bath procedures, you can cool off in the shower, plunge pool or swimming pool.

4 main differences

In a Finnish sauna the steam is dry and hot, in a Russian steam room it is wet. The temperature in a Finnish sauna reaches 100 degrees with a humidity of 20%, and in a Russian bath at a temperature of 50–80 degrees the air humidity is a record 70%. In order not to cause harm to health, it is important to maintain the correct balance between temperature and humidity.
The next key difference between a bathhouse and a sauna is the features of the firebox. In a Finnish steam room, stones are heated using an electric or wood-burning stove, and the stones should not be watered to prevent an increase in humidity. In a Russian bath, stones are placed directly in the heater, where they can be doused with water more often to increase air humidity.
The absence of brooms and other bath paraphernalia is another equally important difference. The Finnish sauna does not accept the use of a broom in a room with hot and dry steam. Whipping with a broom is unlikely to do any good, but it can leave several serious burns on the skin.
The traditional construction of a Russian bath for cooling after a steam room is a font with cool or ice water. In a sauna, this function is assigned to a pool filled with water at room temperature.

And some detailed information about each steam room.

In order to more efficiently heat the room, the ceiling height does not exceed 2 meters.
The sauna has a built-in ventilation system.
The stove is equipped with an open type heater, which provides for an external placement of stones.
The steam room has up to 4 shelves. The lower shelves are designed for sitting procedures, the upper ones - lying down.

Stoves for Swedish saunas

The Swedes used in bastu furnaces are simply called heaters. These are special electric stoves for saunas. Even a child can use them. Such stoves can warm up the entire sauna room in just 30 minutes. This is much easier than using wood-burning stoves in Russian baths, which not everyone can light, or any other stoves that run on liquid or solid fuel - the latter require cleaning, and some require constant support for the fire to burn.

The Swedes preferred programmable heaters, which are practically autonomous. Anyone can handle this technique. The electronic heater system is programmed to turn on and off independently. This allows you to set sauna operating modes, which can include continuous bastu operation throughout the day or week. In this case, the heaters operate in standby mode, remaining constantly warmed up.

If you like traditional stones, steam and brooms, then look where you can take a steam bath in Moscow

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Comparison of traditional bastu with modern baths

Rules for visiting the sauna

In order not to harm your own health and get the maximum therapeutic effect, it is recommended to follow simple rules when carrying out bath procedures:

The last meal should be 2 hours before visiting the sauna.
The duration of the first procedure should not exceed 15 minutes.
Before visiting the steam room, you need to take a warm shower and dry yourself with a towel.
You should lie down in the steam room, having first spread a dry towel on the shelf. This will avoid possible burns from heated wooden boards. It is recommended to spend the last 3 minutes in a sitting position.
You can quench your thirst in the sauna with warm green tea, herbal infusion, still water, fruit juice or kvass.
After completing the procedures in the steam room, you can take a cold shower or swim in the pool.
During subsequent visits to the steam room, the duration of the procedures can be increased. The number of visits to 1 session is 6 times, with a total duration of 180 minutes.
After completing all procedures, you can take a shower, dry yourself and rest for 20 minutes. Only after the skin has completely cooled is it recommended to leave the room and go outside.

The Finnish sauna is considered a dry steam bath. The temperature in her steam room is usually 90 - 130 degrees, and the humidity level is maintained between 3 - 15 percent. This ratio promotes increased sweating and also has a beneficial effect on the state of the respiratory system, facilitating the removal of mucus from the bronchi.

Now, taking into account the above-mentioned features of a visit and knowing about the necessary attributes for a sauna, we will tell you how to properly steam in a Finnish sauna, as well as how long you can sit in a sauna according to time.

What are the advantages of bastu?

In ancient times, palaces and castles in the Vatican and Monaco were equipped with Swedish baths. Today they not only have not lost their merits, but have also significantly expanded their list.

So, the advantages of a Swedish bath include:

Possibility of arranging a small-sized bath complex in your own home;
Automated bastu control - just use the remote control to select the heating mode and temperature;
Swedish baths have been proven to be the safest in the world.

The benefits of regularly visiting bastu are obvious - strengthening the immune system, improving overall health, getting a boost of energy and good mood.

LGBT strike

In Sweden, there have been special bastu clubs for LGBT people for some time. In 1987, they were banned by government decree, citing the spread of HIV infections there, but in 2001 the ban was lifted, since during the ban there was neither a sharp increase in incidence rates nor a sharp decrease in them. Another argument for permission was that promiscuity in random places is much more dangerous in terms of the spread of infections.

In the USA, similar baths also existed and were banned in the mid-80s in New York and San Francisco. And in the UK, gay saunas still operate: the largest chain is Chariots, located in London. They have swimming pools, steam rooms, massage rooms. The saunas of this network operate around the clock.

Procedure

For the steaming procedure to be beneficial and not harmful, you need to know how to go to a Finnish sauna. Let's start with the fact that you need to set aside at least 2-3 hours to go to the steam room, and after it, do not plan important things, giving the body the opportunity to fully rest.

We suggest you read: Is it possible to change the temperature in the bathhouse?

It is better to dress in loose clothes made from natural fabrics, so that after steaming you do not feel discomfort trying to pull on tight jeans and a turtleneck.

it is necessary to collect bath accessories: cosmetics, a washcloth, a broom for steaming, a towel, a sheet, as well as slippers and a felt bath cap for the head;
a couple of hours before the sauna you should have a small snack;
on the eve of visiting the sauna, you should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages;
You need to prepare as much drink as possible, because in the sauna, along with sweat, water also leaves the body. As a drink, you can take purified water, green tea, herbal decoction, compote of berries and fruits.

People often ask on “sauna” forums: what do they do in a Finnish sauna and how should you steam in it?

In short, the steaming procedure in a Finnish sauna includes several visits to the steam room, between which you need to rest. According to experts, this approach to vaping is the most effective. Let's take a closer look at how the procedure works.

How to take a steam bath in a Finnish sauna?

The first session should not exceed 4-8 minutes, depending on the body’s sensitivity to high temperatures. The time of subsequent visits can be gradually increased, but not longer than 15 minutes each. It is worth noting that beginners and those who are overweight can enter the steam room more often, but it is advisable to stay in it for a minimum time.

After the first session, when the muscles have warmed up, you can increase the amount of steam in the steam room and let your body sweat thoroughly by patting yourself with a broom.

After each visit to the steam room you need to take a break of 15-20 minutes. In between visits, it is recommended to take a cool shower or plunge into a pool (river, lake). You can also do a light back peeling and foot scrub.

Rules of behavior in the sauna:

You should enter the steam room only after a shower;
Before entering, you need to remove your jewelry;
You need to cover your hair with a cap and put slippers on your feet;
in the steam room you need to find a comfortable place, lie down and completely relax;
in between visits to the steam room you need to drink a lot of liquid;
It is not advisable to take food into the sauna, since its consumption creates additional stress on the body;
it is important to follow the approach schedule;
Cooling water procedures should be taken between visits;
Upon completion of the procedures, you must take a shower;
You can stay in the sauna for no more than three hours in total.

Visiting a Finnish sauna does not fall into the category of daily hygiene procedures; moreover, excessive exposure to high temperatures and frequent steaming can negatively affect your health.

Going to the sauna once a week is considered optimal. This approach guarantees exceptional benefits and pleasure from bath procedures.

“The sauna is not as popular among the Germans as it is among the Finns,” says Sandra Wollgast, a sauna owner in Berlin.

Finn is unlikely to feel at ease in a public German sauna. How did such a cunning version of the sauna appear, and what rules do the Germans follow in it?

“It’s the Swedes who comment more actively on the features of our sauna than the Finns,” says Sandra Wollgast, owner of the Saunabad sauna in the capital’s Prenzlauer Berg district.

In fact, there are very few rules at Saunabad, says Wollgast. “Everything is very informal here, we try to relax. For example, I think conversation in the steam room is very important. I try to create a comfortable atmosphere for conversations.”

In many German saunas, chatting is considered reprehensible. However, the biggest sin is going into the sauna in a towel. In Germany they steam naked; there are no separate areas for men and women.

“The sauna is not as popular among the Germans as among the Finns. But you must take off your clothes.”

Only the bathhouse attendant can touch the ladle in a German sauna. He enters the steam room every hour and begins his ceremony. The most important part is vigorously waving the towel over your head. Thanks to this maneuver, the hot air is well distributed throughout the sauna.

The air is really very hot; the temperature in Finnish saunas in Germany is one hundred degrees. If you want a softer option, you can go to a wet biosauna, where the temperature reaches 50-60 degrees.

“According to one of the rules, you need to stay in the sauna for 15 minutes. Entries are repeated three times. During breaks, you need to take a cold shower or freshen up. We, of course, say that you should spend as much time in the sauna as you consider comfortable,” says Wollgast.

Some people follow these rules very carefully. “There are people who step on the scale before going to the sauna, and then drink exactly as much water as they lost in the steam room.”

The most unusual thing about a German sauna is the waving of a towel. The towel is taken in a special way, André Kurzawe, one of the bathhouse attendants at Saunabad, shows us.

First, he opens the steam room door and “brings in” fresh air with a towel.

The bath attendant pours water onto the stones three times. Essential oils are first mixed with water. “We always use natural oils,” assures Kuzhave.

The sauna attendant distributes steam throughout the sauna using a towel, and the entire process can last up to ten minutes. “It’s not that easy,” Kujawe says proudly.

German bathhouse attendants organize special competitions in “towel choreography.” At Saunabad, this is another show, according to Wollgast.

Helsingin Sanomat 09/17/2017 Helsingin Sanomat 06/28/2017 Helsingin Sanomat 10/20/2017 Dagbladet 10/15/2017 Aftenposten 09/21/2016 “When you pour water on the heater, not only the temperature, but also the humidity of the air increases. It's hot, but there's no sweat because water condenses on the skin. A kind of protection is formed on the body, and with the help of a towel we remove this protective layer from the skin with warm air currents.”

Over the past 20 years, Saunabad has acquired many loyal regular visitors. Among them are actors, musicians and scientists, Wollgast lists.

This is a bohemian place. The sauna is located in the courtyard of the house, where there are also sun loungers. In the small bar you can grab a beer and choose from 20 types of tea. True, the Swedes bring cases of beer directly with them, says Wollgast. And it is the Swedes themselves who want to pour water on the stones, not the Finns.

“In fact, it’s always annoying when Finns or Swedes give advice on how to properly steam in a sauna. Germany has a different sauna culture,” says Wollgast.

“There is no pathos in our sauna, and let all these fitness lovers go somewhere else. The worst thing I saw was that some of them, sitting on our shelves, began to ostentatiously meditate. The changes that have taken place in our society are noticeable: everyone simply has to look good, be pumped up, be special.”

Wollgast and his friends have owned Saunabad for six years. The local bath attendants are a group of big sauna fans with quite creative civilian professions. Kujawe, for example, is an illustrator for the old East German comic strip newspaper Mosaik. Wollgast is a film producer.

Thursdays are Women's Day in the sauna. Wollgast doesn't really like this idea. However, such a day is very important for those who have undergone various operations, for example on the chest, and are embarrassed to undress, she says.

“I was born in the GDR with a strong tradition of nudism. It's very important to me that we still have places where it's okay to be naked."

In Belgium, anything is called a sauna, says Pekka Mykkänen, correspondent for Helsingin Sanomat in Brussels.

Belgium is one of many countries in the world where they don’t bother with sauna traditions.

At one pool I saw a small sit-down steam room that appeared to be designed for some kind of spa treatment. To get in, I needed a coin, but since I didn’t have a coin in my swimming trunks pocket, I couldn’t go in.

I have seen rooms with infrared light called saunas. But they were no warmer than in an ordinary apartment in a multi-story building.

I saw a place called a sauna where customers were lured into using porn on the TV screens in the lobby bar.

There are also places with a Finnish heater. To my disappointment, instead of a ladle and bucket, I found a warning in three languages about the dangers of using all this equipment and about the prohibition of pouring water on the heater.

My family enjoys going to the spa near the airport, where the temperature in the main sauna can be raised to 80 degrees. There, too, there are infrared incubators, shameful for lovers of traditional saunas, but there are also wonderful swimming pools, from which through plastic doors you can access the street and the jacuzzi. The feeling in winter is indescribable!

For those who don't want to swim naked with others, there is a common - and only - locker room where everyone goes naked. However, everyone rinses in their swimsuits.

Russians are the second people after the Finns to respect the sauna culture, says Helsingin Sanomat correspondent in Moscow Pekka Hakala.

The second people after the Finns who respect the sauna culture live in Russia. The October Revolution interrupted the era of private baths for a hundred years, but this phenomenon is gradually being revived in Russia. Some apartments now have good sauna cabins.

Public baths have always existed in Russia.

Traditions are different in different places. Most often in a public bath they steam naked, putting something under their butts. You can wear swimming trunks in the sauna next to the pool.

Russian bath-goers often wear a cap on their heads; in public baths they usually wear rubber slippers. In the bathhouse they are left near the shelves.

Usually Russians sit in the steam room for a long time and calmly enjoy the process.

The broom is held in high esteem here and is often purchased in public baths.

Women and men steam in different rooms, but in large cities there are also mixed baths.

InoSMI materials contain assessments exclusively of foreign media and do not reflect the position of the InoSMI editorial staff.

Bad advice: don't give up your seat to women on public transport

After a few years of being surrounded by strong, independent, beautiful representatives of the fairer sex, it is quite possible that even a pregnant woman will not awaken the truly masculine “protector” mode in you. As already mentioned, Swedes do not like it when others feel uncomfortable, but giving up a seat to a woman on a bus or subway is still considered sycophantic. This is the only criticism of this guide, and we do not approve of the picture of dozens of Swedish men sitting, buried in their smartphones and not noticing the standing women.

Stockholm metro, rush hour (photo: Wikimedia)

Stay home to care for a sick child

Once you are a happy parent and can count on paid parental leave, you will undoubtedly need to take advantage of the Vård av Barn (Child Care) program. Parents, again at the expense of the state, receive at least 80% of their wages when their children are sick. Just like moms, Swedish dads are guaranteed to get extended VAB leave, especially if their wives earn more than they do.

Remember, son. The power is in the porridge. Whoever ate more porridge is stronger (photo: blog.corbis.com)

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