Storage tank for water supply in a private house, installation of a storage tank with a pump, storage tank for water from a well, connection

This supply of water will last for several days.

It is not always possible to provide a country house or cottage with an uninterrupted supply of drinking water. The reasons may be different, but the best solution in such cases would be a water supply system for a private house with a storage tank.

Such a tank itself is a simple design. But installing it and connecting it to the system can raise questions and difficulties. To avoid them, read this article.

Storage tank - what is it, purpose, application

Water, along with light and heat, is the primary factor in the life support of a home. Therefore, the slightest violation in her usual method of delivery leads to extreme discomfort. Until recently, the only way to solve this problem was to reserve a certain amount of water in bottles, canisters, and barrels. However, if not used for everyday needs, it quickly deteriorates and becomes unsuitable for drinking and cooking.

A modern way to solve this problem is a special water storage tank for the home, combined with both a centralized water supply and water intake from a well, well or natural reservoir. Such a reserve tank is used in the following series of cases:

Periodic or emergency shutdown of centralized water supply, as well as when water is supplied not constantly, but according to a schedule.
Low performance of an autonomous source.
Frequent shutdowns of pumping stations due to power failures.

Drives can be very different in capacity, depending on the needs of the consumer Source ireland.apollo.com

Clogging, silting and other technical malfunctions of a well or well.
The supply system is completely autonomous - it functions only using imported water.

The peculiarity of a private water supply is such that these and many other small reasons can arise one after another, and sometimes simultaneously. At the same time, troubleshooting always requires a certain period of time, sometimes reaching several days or weeks.

In addition to ensuring stability in the water supply, the storage tank performs a number of other technical functions that are essential for equipment, fittings and pipelines:

Equalizing pressure in the system.
Prevention of water hammer.
Reducing the load on pumps and their operating time.
Increased equipment service life.

Advice! To conveniently and quickly activate the reserve water supply, the reserve tank must be connected to the water supply so that if the main supply is interrupted, the additional one is turned on automatically or by turning the valve.

The storage tank can be easily integrated into the home water supply scheme Source oboiman.ru

Main types of breakdowns

Modern manufacturers have learned to create excellent luxury water heating equipment. It uses gas to operate efficiently and rarely fails. However, even the best gas heaters cannot avoid breakdowns. The list of inevitable malfunctions includes:

water leaks;
poor heating of the liquid;
discharge of power elements;
weak water pressure;
lack of gas.

Owners of gas boilers can repair some faults themselves. Anyone can change the batteries in the power supply. It is also easy to eliminate weak water pressure - perhaps excess scale has simply formed in the heat exchanger. To remove it, remove the heat exchanger and rinse thoroughly. For these purposes, you can also use special descaling liquids.

It is not difficult to solve the problem of poor water heating on your own. The main reason for such a malfunction is often contamination of the heat exchanger with soot. The solution to this problem is to remove the mentioned element and remove plaque. If more significant problems occur, you should contact a professional.

Design and principle of operation

A storage tank for water is a reservoir of a certain volume, equipped with the following devices:

Inlet tube. Through it, the reservoir is filled from the main source - a well or a central pipeline.
Float mechanism. This can be a regular float, similar to the device of a toilet flush cistern, or a special valve that, when the tank is full, turns off the supply pump or closes the tap.
Drain pipe. To prevent the container from overfilling and causing flooding of the room, in case the float mechanism does not work, a drain tube is installed in the upper part, through which excess water is removed.
Filter. There are several types of filter devices installed on the inlet artery - mesh, cyclonic and centrifugal type. The first is used when there is slight contamination, the last two are used when there are impurities visible to the naked eye. The filter mesh can also be mounted on the outlet pipe from the tank.

Modern filtration system for a storage tank Source terman-s.ru

Drainage and cleaning tube. When using a container for a long time, even with a good filter, a layer of contaminating deposits inevitably accumulates at the bottom. A drainage pipe is used to periodically remove them.
Luke. If a private house has a basement or basement, then a water storage tank is often installed there. However, with such a low location of the tank, it is almost impossible to install a drainage system. Therefore, for periodic cleaning, a hatch is required in the upper part, through which you can penetrate inside and clean the bottom of dirt.
Diffuser. A device that disperses water flow similar to a watering can. Installed on the supply tube. Prevents active mixing of the upper layers with bottom sediments.
Level. As a rule, the walls of the tank are opaque. Therefore, to accurately determine its fullness, a level is mounted.

Design of a membrane storage tank Source montagtrub.ru
See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in garden furniture and storage systems

Ventilation pipe. Regardless of whether the container is equipped with a hatch or not, when closed it is a hermetically sealed capsule. Therefore, so that when opening the tap, an internal vacuum of air does not form, and this results in water retention, a ventilation valve or tube is installed in the very top part.

The mechanism of action of the reserve tank is largely determined by its location - if it is located at a sufficiently high level in relation to the receiver (faucet, shower, etc.), water can flow out of it by gravity, if lower or at the level, then under the pressure generated a pump specially installed for this purpose.

Pump installation technology

Installation of the pumping station is carried out in several stages. The efficiency and durability of its operation depends on the correct installation of the device, so you should approach the matter as responsibly as possible. Before starting installation work, you should choose the most suitable scheme for connecting the pumping station to the water supply system, and also decide on the location of its installation. Only after this is the water supply device connected with pipes and connected to the internal and external water supply systems.

The location of the pumping station depends on several factors. First of all, this is the supply scheme - direct or through a storage tank. The location of the installation is also affected by climatic conditions. In southern regions, where severe frosts do not occur, the station can be placed directly above the water supply source, or in close proximity to it.

To do this, a chamber buried in the ground - a caisson - is installed above the well. The water supply equipment is placed in this insulated pit, with pipes and power supplied to it.

When water for the in-house system is taken from a well, the station can be placed directly in it. To do this, a shelf is installed on the inner wall of the well, and a pumping station is mounted on it.

It is also possible to install a water supply device in a special booth next to the water source. The only condition is that the station must be located in a room with a positive temperature to avoid freezing of water inside the pipes and damper.

If a residential building is located in the northern region, then it will be difficult to ensure reliable thermal insulation when the station is located externally. The best solution in this case is to place the station inside the house. Usually a basement or basement is used for this.

For an installation scheme that includes a storage tank, placing the pumping equipment inside a heated room is the only possible option. The storage tank filled with water must be kept warm in winter. Accordingly, the water pumping station is located next to it.

After selecting the station installation point, we begin preparatory work. First of all, the base on which it will stand is installed. You can pour a small concrete area, lay the floor with bricks, or install the device on special brackets. For noise insulation purposes, it is recommended to attach a rubber gasket between the base and the station itself. It will absorb vibrations coming from the operation of the pump and fan impeller.

Next we lay the pipelines:

Internal, going from the pumping station to the plumbing water supply equipment.
External, connecting the station or fill tank to the water source.

External pipes should be laid in trenches located below the soil freezing level. This indicator varies for different regions. For central Russia it is about 0.8-1.2 m, and for Siberia it can be 2.5-3 or more meters.

The trench is dug in such a way that the pipeline has a slight slope towards the well. This is necessary so that during emergency repairs of the pipeline, the water flows down by gravity.

The type of water intake unit depends on the type of pump used. If this is a standard surface pump, then the water intake unit consists of a pipe lowered into the well. A check valve and a filter mesh are attached to its end, trapping large debris. At stations equipped with an ejector pump, the water intake unit will have a more complex appearance.

A valve and a filter mesh are also put on the suction pipe, but another pipe coming from the ejector is connected to it. This pipe directs part of the flow from the pump back to the base of the suction pipe. This creates additional suction power, allowing you to significantly increase the height of water supply.

When you need to supply water from a very deep artesian well, you have to use a submersible pump. Its supply depth is up to 200-300 meters. A coarse filter is included with this pump and is installed inside it.

The submersible pump is suspended from the well head on a durable stainless steel cable. The water intake unit should be placed so that it is in the middle of the water column, but no closer than half a meter to the bottom for a submersible pump, and 1 m for a surface pump.

The station assembly diagram depends on the specific modification of the device. Here one immutable rule must be observed: each of the units is connected to each other through shut-off valves with American threads and valves. This makes it possible to replace failed units without dismantling neighboring ones and without discharging water from the water supply system.

An additional coarse filter is installed in front of the station, trapping sand that has seeped through the filter mesh. Fine filters are installed on the pipeline leaving the station and leading into the building, removing microelements dissolved in it from the water.

If the size of the damper tank included in the station is too small, you can insert a hydraulic accumulator into the water supply system. This will increase the emergency supply in the water supply with direct supply, without a storage tank.

Next, using the manufacturer's instructions, connect the inlet and outlet pipelines to the corresponding pump openings. Pressure sensors with pressure gauges and a control unit are installed behind the hydraulic accumulator.

The power of the pump electric motor is about 0.7 - 1.5 kW, so it is recommended to connect a separate electrical wiring line to it with an automatic current cut-off device that is triggered in the event of a short circuit. The equipment should also be connected to a grounding circuit.

Next, you should check the pressure in half of the accumulator tank filled with air. This indicator at start-up is approximately 10% lower than the pressure required to turn on the pump.

The launch setting should be set based on the volume of the accumulator:

For a tank with a capacity of up to 30 liters, the set pressure should be 1.5 bar.
For 30-50l – 1.8 bar.
From 50 to 100l – just below 2 bar.

Then you should unscrew the plug from the hole at the top of the pump and fill it with water. Water should be poured until it begins to flow out of the hole.

After this, the plug is screwed back in and the following sequence of actions is performed:

Connect the pump to the power supply.
Open the fill valve slightly to bleed air out of the system.
After the pump starts operating, water should come out of the system outlet after a couple of minutes.
When the water does not flow, the device is turned off and more water is added.
After the start of water pumping, the final settings for the automatic relays of the equipment are established.

Varieties

Reserve tanks to ensure uninterrupted water supply are classified according to the following number of parameters:

Shape - can be cylindrical, rectangular, square, etc.
Type of construction - open and closed type, that is, with and without a hatch - completely sealed membrane.
There are various types of housing material used – from stainless steel to food-grade plastic. At the same time, its composition must exclude harmful substances that can pass into water.

Storage containers most often have a plastic body Source septik.guru

Capacities - depending on the conditions of use, the useful volume can be very different - from 10 liters to 1 m³, etc. It is also possible to combine several containers into one system.
Purpose - for drinking and cooking, for watering the garden, for the heating system, for cold or hot water supply, for other technical needs.
Installation features - vertical or horizontal placement, indoors or outdoors, on the surface, at height or underground.

Note! To ensure uninterrupted water supply to a private home, it is not necessary to purchase and install an additional pump for a storage tank. Special membrane hydraulic accumulators create a certain pressure - sufficient for convenient use of a tap, shower and other household needs.

Installation errors

During the installation of a pumping station, there is a risk of making mistakes:

To avoid problems, pipes for installation must be larger than the calculated value. Such a reserve will allow you to compensate for bends, turns and the thickness of the foundation if the station is installed in a room in the house.
It is recommended to use only a wrench to tighten parts. If you try to perform this operation manually, there is a risk of a leak subsequently occurring.
You especially need to be attentive to the hydraulic accumulator. The pressure in it should be at least 1.2-1.5 atmospheres. If the pressure drops below the specified mark, it is necessary to use appropriate devices - a compressor or a car pump, which will help restore the required pressure.

Capacity volume and material

When choosing a drive, in addition to other technical nuances, you first need to determine what material its body should be made of and what its usable volume should be for everyday needs.

A plastic container can be installed outdoors without additional protection Source sovet-ingenera.com

Material

Most often, the materials used in the manufacture of the tank body are:

Polyvinyl chloride.
Polypropylene.
Cross-linked polyethylene.
Stainless steel.
Steel coated with a layer of waterproof coating - varnish, ceramics.
Galvanization.

To equip drinking water supply and related household needs (washing dishes, showering, etc.) for a private home, food-grade plastic containers are most often chosen. Its main advantages over metal analogues are inertness, safety (does not emit harmful components), corrosion resistance, durability, light weight - which is convenient for transportation, installation and maintenance.

How to choose a drive

When choosing a tank, you need to pay attention to two main parameters: volume and material of manufacture.

Volume

The storage tank should not be confused with a hydraulic accumulator. And it’s not even that the second one is a pressure tank that regulates the pressure in the network thanks to the pressure of compressed air on the rubber membrane.

The maximum volume of the hydraulic accumulator is only 100 liters, the standard is 24-50 liters. This is very little to supply water as usual in the situations described above.

The hydraulic accumulator is not able to compensate for a long absence of water in the system

To understand how much capacity you need, you need to analyze the following factors:

Required water flow per unit time. It can be calculated approximately by adding up the nominal consumption of all appliances in the house - faucets, toilets, washing machine and dishwasher. Another calculation method suggests multiplying the daily water requirement of one person by the number of family members. But this need is different for everyone and also depends on the availability of amenities in the house. It can be 60 or 200 liters per day. Therefore, be guided by your habits and conditions.

Average water consumption per person for different needs

Performance of an autonomous source or schedule of a centralized system. For example, if water or electricity is turned off for a maximum of a couple of hours, a 100-liter barrel may be enough for you, but it’s a completely different matter if this happens often and for a long time. There is also no point in installing a five-cubic-meter tank if your well can pump no more than 500 liters into it per day.

Material

If you are planning a drinking water supply for your dacha, the storage tank must be made of materials that do not react with water and do not affect its taste, smell and quality. And this is either stainless steel or food-grade plastic.

Increasingly, preference is given to plastic, as it is much cheaper and more durable, especially when it comes to underground containers. In addition, it is lightweight: even a tank of impressive size can be installed with your own hands without the involvement of a bunch of assistants or special equipment.

To get a rough idea of prices, look at the options presented in the gallery:

200 liters 3200 rubles

500 liters 7900 rubles

750 liters 10,500 rubles

Eurocube 1000 liters 14800 rubles

Capacity for underground installation for 5000 liters 24400 rubles

Metal tank for 1000 liters 41,000 rubles

As you can see, stainless steel tanks are several times more expensive. It is more profitable to buy plastic ones, but you need to make sure of the quality of the material and its purpose - for storing drinking water.

Connection options

There are two main options for connecting a water storage tank in your home:

Together with the central water supply.
As part of an autonomous water supply system.

Moreover, in each of the schemes there are several options for installing the tank. Let's look at them in more detail.

Scheme of autonomous water supply with a membrane tank Source moikolodets.ru

Combination with centralized water supply

When the source of water supply is the central water supply, the reserve tank ensures an uninterrupted supply of water in the event of a power outage or reduction in pressure. In this case, there are 3 main ways to connect the tank:

Upper.

The container can be installed either under the ceiling on the 1st floor or on the floor of the 2nd, in the attic or in the attic. In any case, the outlet pipe must be higher than the level of the water intake source - tap, toilet, etc. The tank must be equipped with 3 fittings:

The top one is for filling.
Extremely upper - to drain water in case of overflow.
Bottom - for supply to the house water supply.

Water is supplied to the container through a tee installed immediately after the filter, meter and check valve. Next, the pipe from it is connected to the upper fitting through a valve and a float mechanism. The lower fitting is connected to the house water supply through a shut-off valve and a tee via a pipe.

Safety

It is imperative to ground the boiler.
Any water heater, regardless of model and type, requires compliance with operating conditions, as well as safety precautions. Gas models have an increased danger, as there is a risk of gas leakage.

Contact with water is the main risk factor when operating any electrical product. The boiler is equipped with an automatic shutdown system upon contact with liquid, but this does not negate compliance with the simplest fire and electrical safety requirements.

It is important to make grounding in advance. Installation of a grounding wire is a basic and mandatory condition for the safety of an electrical appliance.

Video description

Video example of arranging a home water supply system using a storage tank:
Only one pipe is used for connection. Its installation location is the same as in previous cases - after the filter, meter and valve. In this case, for correct installation it is necessary to first adjust the pressure of the internal chamber. It must correspond to the operating pressure of the water supply.

Arrangement of autonomous water supply

There are several options for connection:

Like a water tower.

The storage tank is installed in the attic, the top floor of a private house or a tower specially built for this purpose, and water is supplied to it by means of a pump. In this case, to achieve normal pressure, the lower outlet pipe must be located above the ground at least 10-15 meters. The pressure in the system is determined by the difference in height between the container and the receiver.

The main advantage of this water supply option is the minimum cost. The disadvantage is the need to regularly clean the tank from accumulated sediment, as well as mandatory insulation if it is located outside a heated room.

Pumping station installation location

For the pump, you can choose a place directly in the house or in the caisson.
The last option is a structure built in the ground. This design provides it with protection from moisture, groundwater and low temperatures. It must be built under the soil freezing line. However, this option has several disadvantages. First of all, such a structure requires proper arrangement. In addition, in areas where harsh climatic conditions are observed, it is difficult to insulate the caisson, as a result, when exposed to low temperatures, there is a risk of pump failure. The most practical solution seems to be to install a pump in the house. It is best to install it in the basement. However, one important point needs to be mentioned here: you should be prepared for the fact that groundwater can create a threat of basement flooding. Therefore, during spring floods, when the room is filled with water, it is recommended to install the station on a hill so that water does not reach it. You need to choose a place for the station so that it is away from the walls, which will prevent unnecessary vibrations during operation. When placing the pump in the basement, you need to constantly monitor the temperature conditions throughout the year in order to thereby protect the installation from the effects of negative temperatures.

Rules for choosing a place

To select a suitable location for a pumping station, installation in which should take place in accordance with the technology, you must proceed from the following criteria:

The distance at which the station will be removed from the well;
Temperature and humidity conditions in the location chosen for installation;
Availability of free space so that you can easily repair and maintain the unit;
Carrying out work to insulate the premises to limit the spread of noise towards residential premises.

Video description

Video instructions on how to make pressurized water supply to your home and property through a membrane storage tank:

Lower.

The container is installed on the floor or on the ground. Filled under pump pressure. Operation of the system also requires constant operation of the equipment. Which makes the water supply completely energy dependent.

This option is ideal for low well productivity. First, the tank is pumped at a speed limited by the parameters of the source, and then it is consumed according to consumer needs.

Membrane accumulator.

This is another way to supply water from the lower location of the storage tank when the system is not equipped with a pump. Initially, water is drawn into the container from the well, and then enters and is distributed through the internal water supply under the influence of pressure generated by the membrane accumulator.

On a note! When placing a tank in an attic, tower, basement or any other unheated place, insulation and a suitable heating system are required - both inlet and outlet pipes and the body.

Water collection for technical needs

Have you ever thought that rainwater can be collected for technical needs using storage tanks and plastic pipes for water supply already known to you?

To do this, it is enough to install the tank above or below the ground and connect plastic pipes to it for water supply from the drains. An alternative to pipes is drainage trays. However, it is important to ensure that excess water is drained from the container.

Choose a tank material that is safe, durable, lightweight and does not require special care. Plastic tanks have these properties, take a closer look. When choosing polyethylene pipes for water supply, you avoid fakes. Thus, Europlast offers only high-quality and proven products that meet the requirements of GOST 18599-2001.

In the article, we gave general recommendations for organizing water supply at home using a container. For detailed information, as well as selection of the necessary equipment, please contact us. We will help in any situation.

Briefly about the main thing

The storage tank ensures constant water supply in a private home in the event of a planned or sudden shutdown of the central water supply or breakdown of the autonomous system. It eliminates the problems of water supply failure associated with a number of the following reasons - low well productivity, equipment breakdown, siltation of the source, power outage, etc. In addition, it reduces the load on equipment and pipes and extends their service life.

A standard water tank consists of the following elements:

Cases.
Inlet, outlet and drain tubes.
Float mechanism.
Filter.
Luke.
Drainage pipe.
Diffuser.
Ventilation.

The tank is classified according to several criteria - shape, design, material, volume, purpose, installation method. When choosing it, volume and material are first taken into account. Installation is possible both in an autonomous system and in conjunction with a centralized water supply. In each case there are several installation methods.

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Recommendations

When planning to purchase a storage tank and organize its operation in the house, it is worth enlisting the advice of experienced specialists:

Combine the purchase of a water storage device with the purchase of a filtration device. This way you can get crystal clear drinking liquid. When considering offers on the market, you should pay attention to products. We manufacture and sell water treatment equipment and are ready to help you choose the option that suits you.
When choosing a water storage tank, do not skimp on quality. If you buy a cheap product, you will probably spend more money on troubleshooting various problems.
When doing the installation yourself, consider the possibility of dismantling the system for repairs or replacement.
Be sure to consider grounding to prevent corrosion.

Norms for the distance of treatment facilities on the site

According to SNiP, treatment facilities and pits must be located at a considerable distance from the house, water well and other engineering facilities.

From a residential building - at least 5 m to a septic tank, VOC, cesspool to avoid unpleasant odors entering the room. And also prevent in advance the possible disastrous consequences of the influence of a humid environment on the foundation of the house.
It is 30-50 m to a water well. Of course, it is very difficult to follow this rule, since the size of the plots is very limited. It is still necessary to remove the septic tank from the water supply system as much as possible, to the extent technically possible.
To the borders of the neighboring plot - at least 2 m.
From the collector to plants and trees - the location is 2-4 m if the tree roots are large.

Optimal operating mode of an electric boiler

Setting the temperature to the minimum permissible is highly not recommended for the following reasons:

Reduced efficiency of water heating equipment;
Liquid temperature 30-40⁰ C is an ideal environment for the formation and proliferation of bacteria and mold, which inevitably end up in the water;
The rate of scale formation increases.

These devices are often equipped with an economy mode option, designated by the letter E. This operating mode means heating the liquid inside the capacitive tank to a temperature of +55⁰ C, which allows you to extend the period of use before maintenance. That is, at a given temperature regime, scale forms the slowest, and accordingly it is necessary to clean the heating element less often. This does not apply to energy savings.