Types of pool heaters and how to make them yourself

Pool water heaters help maintain the water temperature at +16…+40 °C. There are several types of such devices. Some heaters require wood, electricity or gas to operate, while others operate using clean energy sources.

The choice of water heater primarily depends on the volume of water.

About heating the water in the pool

Many owners of private houses and cottages install outdoor swimming pools. Such designs can mix a large volume of water. It is possible to warm up to a comfortable temperature using natural solar heat only if the pool bowl is shallow.

If the design is designed for a large volume, the liquid will not warm up during daylight hours.

The situation is aggravated by the light-colored materials from which portable pools are made and the properties of clean water. These factors contribute to the reflection of sunlight and a decrease in the rate of heating.

In addition, some heat will be lost at night. The possibility of natural heating is excluded in cloudy weather. In this case, additional heat sources are required.

It is important for athletes that the water temperature is within +24…+26 °C. Children will be comfortable swimming at +30…+35 °C. To achieve such indicators, you can use portable heating systems that can raise the temperature to comfortable levels within 3-5 hours, and then maintain the indicators at the desired level.

Tips for using a heating system

Those who think that you just need to install a solar water heater and then use the free energy without worry are a little mistaken. The fact is that the solar collector, like any other equipment, needs periodic maintenance. First of all, this concerns cleaning glass from dust. Even slight contamination will reduce the power of the unit by 5–8%. If you do not clean the surface of the installation at all, then in a few weeks the temperature of the water leaving the device will drop by a quarter.

The second thing you will have to regularly monitor is the condition of the threaded connections in an installation made of metal-plastic pipes. The fact is that regular heating-cooling cycles contribute to loosening of fittings, and this leads to depressurization of the system and the appearance of leaks. Therefore, once every 2–3 weeks, while the centrifugal pump is operating, all manifold connections are inspected. Do not forget that the installation is assembled from plywood, lumber and steel, and all these materials and a warm, humid environment are incompatible. Therefore, timely troubleshooting will extend the life of the water heater and preserve its appearance.

At the end of the summer season, the water from the solar collector is drained, after which the installation is covered from precipitation with a thick plastic film, or even put away under a shed or in a barn.

Circles of black film floating on the surface of an outdoor pool will help the geocollector heat the water to a comfortable temperature

The last thing I would like to remind you is that it is not enough to heat the water. It is important to preserve this heat for as long as possible. If possible, a covered pavilion is built over the artificial reservoir. If finances do not allow installing a permanent shelter, then the pool is covered every evening with a special awning or plastic film. In addition to the fact that the blanket will be able to retain a few extra degrees until the morning, it will also serve as a protective barrier, preventing leaves, insects and dust from getting into the water. A good help for a solar collector are circles made of black plastic film stretched over a hula hoop. When laid on the surface of the water during the daytime, they will provide additional heating of the water and protection from debris. The only inconvenience is that you have to remove them every time before bathing.

Purpose and types of water heaters for pools

All water heaters, depending on their purpose, are divided into indoor and outdoor. However, this classification is conditional. Some gas, wood and electric systems can also be used to heat water in a backyard pool. In the summer, you can use outdoor devices to increase the temperature in indoor tanks.

Depending on the type of design, water heaters are:

• flow-through;
• heat exchange;
• heat pumps.

Another classification is based on the type of energy used to raise the temperature of the water.

Water heaters are solar.

According to it, the following types of heaters are distinguished:

• gas;
• electrical;
• solar;
• thermal;
• fuel, etc.

Wood and fuel heating systems

This type of heater is used to increase the temperature in large swimming pools.

The fuels used are:

• wood;
• coal;
• briquettes with sawdust;
• oil;
• peat, etc.

Wood can be used as fuel.
The principle of operation of the system: the pump takes water from the pool, drives it through the filter and sends it to the storage tank of the heater. When fuel is burned, heat is released and transferred to the liquid. The already heated water is pushed further through the pipes and falls back into the pool.

This system is extremely effective. It allows you to quickly increase the temperature. Fuel heaters are easy to install and economical, but they require regular cleaning to remove combustion products.

Preparing for work

Making your own water heater for a swimming pool means you can save a lot on the purchase of expensive equipment. Using solar energy for heating is the best option to save both your money and thermal energy.

Material selection and tips

You will need quite a lot of materials to create a solar heater, but you should not skimp on them - all your costs will pay off in the first few weeks of operation. The most common wood can be used, for example, pine. Before using it, it is recommended to treat the surface with a special antiseptic to prevent rotting or the formation of pests. It is recommended that you initially buy the highest quality, albeit expensive, fasteners and adapters for assembling the manifold.

Tools

• Beam with a square section of 50 mm - 38 m.
• Plywood 12–15 mm thick - 5 m².
• Metal-plastic pipe with a diameter of 0.5 inches - 110 m.
• Plastic fasteners for pipes - 160 pcs.
• Carbon adapter for metal-plastic pipes of the male-female type - 60 pcs.
• Carbon adapter for metal-plastic pipes of the “female-female” type - 62 pcs.
• Adapter for fitting with a diameter of 0.5 inches - 105 pcs.
• Air outlet valve - 1 pc.
• Check valve - 1 pc.
• Tee with a diameter of 0.5 inches - 3 pcs.
• Drain tap with a diameter of 0.5 inches - 2 pcs.
• Submersible pump 3–4 m³/h – 1 pc.
• Corrugated hose - 2 pcs.
• Sheet metal - 5 m².
• Aluminum profile 12 cm high - 4 pcs.
• Steel corner (galvanized) 50x100 mm – 4 pcs.
• Glass 4 mm thick - 4 pcs.
• Black nitro paint - 5 l.
• Board 30x100 mm - 9 m.
• Ruberoid (or other rolled waterproofing) – 5 m².
• Paving slabs from 40 mm thick - 4 m².
• Self-tapping screws for wood.
• Plumbing fum tape.
• River sifted sand.
• Silicone sealant.

Heating by gas boiler

Gas boilers are used to heat large swimming pools. The principle of operation of such water heaters is similar to fuel ones, however, it is not wood or coal that burns, but natural gas or propane. In such devices, water from the pool is pumped into the boiler storage tank. The burning gas releases heat to the liquid. The heated water returns to the pool. Fluid circulation occurs.

Heating with a gas boiler is needed for large swimming pools.

The advantage of this device: even if there is a lot of water in the pool, it will heat up quickly. The disadvantages of gas boilers include the need to obtain permission to install equipment. Installation should only be carried out by a specialist.

Heating a pool with a heat pump

Heat pump heaters are a complex design in which water drawn from the pool passes through a filter system and then enters a pump. Inside it, it moves along a coil.

Air pumped from outside collides with the refrigerant, which leads to the formation of a large amount of condensate. This substance, under the influence of temperature differences, quickly turns into steam, and then is pumped into a compressor, where it is compressed to 20-25 atm. This process is accompanied by the release of heat. Such systems are compact.

Heat exchanger for swimming pool

The heat exchange heater has a cylindrical reservoir and a coil, the inlet and outlet of which are connected to the heating system. Water is taken from the pool and pumped into the tank. Here it is heated and released back into the pool under pressure. To regulate the heating process, such devices are equipped with a thermostat.

The pool heat exchanger has a cylindrical tank.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantage of heat exchangers is low energy consumption, because Connection to the electrical network requires only a pump, which pumps water into the tank and pushes it back into the pool.

In addition, the positive aspects of the device include:

• high reliability;
• efficiency;
• unpretentiousness to operating conditions;
• long working life.

The main disadvantage of the system is the slow heating of a large volume of water.

Operation of the heat exchanger is possible only in the autumn-winter period, i.e. during the heating season.

Criteria for choosing a water heating device

The choice of a pool heating device must be approached with the utmost seriousness and be sure to pay attention to the following factors:

1. Pool view. There are two types of pools: in the house (closed) and on the site (open). The second option will require equipment with increased power, since the process of cooling water in the open air occurs several times faster.
2. Warm-up speed. The speed of water heating depends on the power of the device, however, more powerful devices are located in a high price category.
3. Pool volume. For a small pool, a system with average power and heating rate is quite sufficient, and for large tanks, the opposite is true.
4. Operational life. A device with high power and an increased degree of heat transfer will help you use the pool all year round. And for the summer period, especially on warm days, a device with average performance and heating speed will be sufficient.

The choice of water heater depends only on you!

From the above, we can draw a reasonable conclusion - the purchase of a specific water heating device directly depends on its technical characteristics and the selected type of pool.

Electric pool heaters

Now the production of electric heaters of different power has been launched. They are equipped with a thermostat. Inside the plastic case there is a reservoir with an electric heating element. The liquid is pumped into the electric heater by a special pump. Upon contact with the heating element, the water temperature quickly rises. After this, the liquid is returned back to the pool. Such systems are often equipped with an automatic locking device, which is triggered when the water circulation process is disrupted and there is a risk of overheating and breakdown of the device.

Electric pool heaters are equipped with a thermostat.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of electric water heaters include:

1. Compactness. They are small in size, so they can be quickly moved if necessary.
2. Easy to install. Installation of equipment does not require specific skills.
3. Water purification. Almost all models are equipped with filters.
4. Autonomy. The water heater maintains the temperature and does not require additional adjustment.
5. Reliability. In such devices, the heating elements have a protective coating that protects them from oxidation.

Electric heaters also have some disadvantages. Often their power is not enough to significantly increase the temperature in large pools. Electrical components are well insulated, but it is better to take precautions and avoid contact with water to prevent electric shock. In addition, they have high energy consumption.

Types of protective coatings for swimming pools

Protective coatings for swimming pools have been used for a long time. Their strength properties are calculated so that, under conditions of temperature differences on the upper and lower sides in conditions of high-intensity ultraviolet solar radiation, they remain strong for many years in order to withstand several people accidentally falling into the pool. In addition to the safety function, protective coatings prevent dirt, debris (for example, leaves), and foreign objects from entering the pool. If the coating is made opaque to light, this prevents the proliferation of microalgae and pathogenic microorganisms in the water. This reduces the need for frequent pumping of pool water for complete cleaning and disinfection, which reduces the amount of chemicals and energy consumed for these purposes.

Among the types of protective coatings for swimming pools, we highlight the following three:

• roller shutter coverings (for example, PoolProtect) with floating sealed slats made of PVC or polycarbonate;
• soft coverings (for example, SoftProtect) made of high-strength reinforced PVC fabric;

Popular manufacturers of electric heaters

Some companies specializing in the production of swimming pools and equipment for them have already received a large number of positive reviews. When choosing a heater, it is recommended to pay attention to the products of the companies listed below.

Pahlen

Pahlen is a Swiss company that produces heaters with a power of up to 18 kW. The devices are capable of heating the temperature in the pool up to +40 °C and are characterized by a high degree of safety and reliability. The devices are equipped with overheating protection, which is triggered when the temperature rises to +60 °C. The most powerful devices in the line of this company require increased network voltage - 380 V.

Pahlen produces heaters with power up to 18 kW.

Bestway

Bestway is a joint American-Chinese production company specializing in the production of low-power heaters suitable for maintaining water temperature in small swimming pools. Energy consumption is only 3 kW.

The heaters are low-power, but with proper operation they can increase the water temperature in a small pool to +35 °C. Most models have a protected heating element installed that can increase the heating rate.

Budget devices do not have a thermostat, so you need to independently control the water temperature.

Intex

Intex is an American company that produces a large number of electric, solar, heat exchange and fuel heaters. The devices vary in power. Both high-quality stainless steel and durable plastic are used as the material for the internal tank and body.

Intex produces a large number of solar heaters.

The heaters of this company have a high degree of safety. They are often equipped with fuses against overheating and short circuits. In addition, most models have a thermostat, making it easier to control the temperature.

Electro

Elecro is an English company that produces electric heaters and heat exchangers for all types of swimming pools. The power of the devices ranges from 3 to 18 kW. Elecro heaters are made from durable materials and therefore have a long service life. The devices are economical. Most models can be mounted in both horizontal and vertical planes.

Important points when choosing a pump

When choosing a suitable heat pump, you should focus not only on its power. Other factors are also important. For example, these are the dimensions of a pump that resembles a large metal box.

The installation location is usually chosen in advance; you should make sure that the selected model will fit freely there, while leaving enough space for the person who will install and maintain the device.

The smaller the difference between the air temperature outside and the water temperature in the pool, the more effective the use of a heat pump will be, and the higher its performance.

The automatic control of some models allows you to change the operation of the pump, taking into account not only the outside temperature, but also the rate of cooling of the water in the pool, as well as the ability of the building (if we are talking about an indoor pool) to retain heat.

During operation, the heat pump vibrates and makes noise. The less noise on the site, the better. Before purchasing, you should find a way to evaluate the noise level that different heat pump models produce.

The cost of the unit can be significantly affected by the presence of an automatic control unit. If funds allow, you should not refuse this modern and convenient addition. Firstly, automation increases comfort when using the equipment, since you do not have to constantly be distracted to turn it on, adjust, turn it off, etc.

The automatic control system of modern heat pumps facilitates the operation of the device, increases its efficiency and extends its service life

Secondly, operating the device in automatic mode significantly increases its service life, i.e. lifetime. But breakdowns are still possible. Having correctly completed warranty documents for the device will help to minimize problems associated with the operation of the heat pump.

However, having an official form with a stamp is not enough. Sometimes sellers modestly keep silent about the fact that warranty repairs are carried out only by a specialized enterprise, which is located a hundred kilometers from the installation site of the equipment.

It also happened that the device had to be sent abroad for repair. Such warranty service is extremely inconvenient, since it takes the owner months of time.

Craftsmen who are comfortable with simple repairs of household appliances should study in advance the device features of the selected model and access to spare parts. If the necessary parts are not available somewhere nearby, you will have to special order them, pay for long delivery times, etc. prudence will help avoid such problems.

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Specifics of choosing a heat pump for a swimming pool

Accounting for the volume of heated water

Standard heat pump capabilities

Control and monitoring devices

If the cost of a factory-made heat pump seems sky-high, you can assemble it yourself. How a unit is constructed from practically waste raw materials is described in the article we recommend.

Solar collectors

In regions where there is rarely cloudy weather in summer, it is advisable to install solar collectors. There are several options for such systems. Some of them contain special batteries, while others have a more primitive structure and work due to the natural heating of the surface during the daytime. If the number of panels is correctly calculated, 3-5 hours is enough to warm the water in the pool to +30 °C.

Solar collectors are installed in places where there is a lot of light.

How does heating occur?

The solar system has a fairly simple structure. The main component is the collector - a structure of small diameter pipes attached to the base. This element is always painted dark. The pipes heat up quickly, and then the heat is transferred to the water moving through them.

The system is equipped with an electric pump. This device is needed to draw water from the pool. Often collectors are equipped with a thermostat. Once cold water enters the system, its supply stops. The liquid in the pipes is heated, after which it is discharged into the pool. Often, to increase the efficiency of the collector, electrical heating elements are installed inside it.

Types of manifolds for heating swimming pools

All types of collectors are divided into low, medium and high temperature.

Depending on the type of construction they are:

• flat;
• vacuum.

Collectors are either flat or vacuum.
In flat-plate collectors, the plate that absorbs solar energy is made of copper or aluminum. These materials are characterized by high thermal conductivity. To enhance the effect, they are coated with a special coating that collects thermal energy.

An aluminum tube system is attached to the surface of the absorption layer. The plate is covered with solar glass on top - it does not contain iron impurities, so it does not reflect the sun's rays. In addition, the material is highly resistant to mechanical damage.

The collector frame is made of stainless steel or aluminum. The base is insulated with mineral wool. There are inlet and outlet connections on both sides of the device. The advantage of flat collectors is the ability to mount them on any surface, incl. house facade, roof, special stand, etc. The main thing is that the surface is directed towards the south.

Vacuum solar collectors are a system consisting of individual tubes fixed to the top panel. Based on the principle of operation, this heater is similar to a thermos. Inside the flask, made of high-strength geoglass, there is a copper tube. Between these elements there is a vacuum, which is good thermal insulation.

There are models with direct circulation: cold water is introduced into one hole, and hot water is discharged from the other. In this case, the coolant moves along a closed circuit. Such collectors can be mounted both vertically and horizontally. In other models, the tubes are attached using threads.

Water heating systems

In summer, pyramidal and flexible solar heat collectors can be used. The first option is suitable when there is little space near the pool. The second requires a large enough area to place the mats.

Pyramid collectors can be used.

Pyramid collectors are suitable for heating small swimming pools. This system is a hemisphere, on the surface of which a hose with a diameter of 25 to 40 mm is attached in a circular manner. The sphere quickly heats up, increasing the temperature of the water circulating in it, taken from the pool.

Flexible manifolds are more efficient. This is a set of mats that connect to each other. If necessary, you can add the required number of elements to ensure more intense heating of the water. Mats made of black dense polyethylene contain a coil inside. This design ensures good heating of the water. The more mats are connected to each other, the better the system works. A pump equipped with a filter is used to circulate water.

Ventilation calculation example

Swimming pools installed indoors are used year-round. In this case, the water temperature in the pool bowl is 26°C, and in the working area the air temperature is 27°C. Relative humidity is 65%.

The surface of the water, together with wet walking paths, releases large volumes of water vapor into the room air. Manufacturers often strive to glaze a larger area of ​​the room in order to create ideal conditions for the influx of solar radiation. But, at the same time, it is also necessary to correctly calculate the ventilation features of an indoor pool.

The room in which the pool is installed is usually equipped with a water heating system, thanks to which heat losses are completely eliminated

In order to prevent moisture condensation on the surface of the windows, from the inside, it is important to install all heating devices under the windows in a continuous chain. So that the surface of the glass from the inside is heated 1°C higher than the dew point temperature

Determine the dew point temperature.

It is worth keeping in mind that the evaporation of water will also consume a certain amount of heat, which will be borrowed from the air in a given room.

The bowl structure is surrounded by running tracks that are electrically or thermally heated, with the help of which the surface temperature of these tracks is approximately 31°C.

A particular example of calculating air exchange in a room will help you understand everything easily.

Let's assume that a swimming pool is being built in Moscow. During the warm period, the temperature here is 28.5°C.

During the cold season, the temperature drops to -26°C.

The area of ​​the bowl of the pool under construction is 60 square meters. m, its dimensions are 6x10 m.

The entire area of ​​the tracks is 36 square meters. m.

Room size: area - 10x12 m = 120 sq. m, height is 5 meters.

The number of people who can be in the pool at the same time is 10 people.

The temperature in the water is no more than 26°C.

Air temperature in the working area = 27°C.

The temperature of the air exhausted from the upper part of the room is 28°C.

The heat loss of the room is measured at 4680 W.

First, calculate the air exchange during the warm period

Sensible heat input from:

• lighting in the cold season is determined according to;
• swimmers: Qpl =qя.N(1-0.33)=60.10.0.67 = 400 W, the time that swimmers spend in the pool is taken as a fraction equal to the coefficient 0.33;
• bypass tracks are calculated;

The heat transfer coefficient from the bypass tracks is 10 W/sq.m°C

Let's move on to the heat loss that occurs when water is heated in the bowl of a reservoir. You can calculate them as follows.

Excess sensible heat during daylight hours is calculated.

Humidity input

Determine the moisture release from athletes swimming in the pool using the following formula Wpl = q. N(1-0.33) = 200. 10(1-0.33) = 1340 g/h

The entry of moisture into the air from the surface of the pool is calculated as follows.

In this formula, the indicator A is taken to be an experimental coefficient that takes into account the difference in the intensity of evaporation from the water surface of moisture between the moment swimmers are in the water and the situation when the water is calm, that is, when there is no one in the water.

For those pools in which recreational swimming procedures are carried out, A is taken as 1.5;

F is the surface area of ​​the water, equal to an area of ​​60 square meters. m.

It is necessary to obtain the evaporation coefficient, which is measured in kg/sq.m*h and is found,

in which V determines the mobility of air above the pool bowl and is taken as 0.1 m/s. Substituting it into the formula, we obtain an evaporation coefficient equal to 26.9 kg/sq.m*h.

How to make a solar collector for a swimming pool with your own hands

With your own hands and from scrap materials, you can make a simplified version of a flat-plate solar collector. But the design is suitable for use only in summer; in winter it is ineffective. It is extremely important to assemble and connect the device correctly.

Necessary materials

To make the collector you will need:

• plastic pipes;
• wooden beam with a section of 5x5 cm;
• thin slats;
• plywood;
• black paint;
• metal corner;
• metal sheets;
• self-tapping screws;
• small water pump;
• geoglass;
• tees;
• mineral wool.
• Exhaust valve;
• drain tap.

To make the collector you will need plastic pipes.
To create a cushion under the system you will need sand, gravel and geotextiles. You need to purchase consumables for the welding machine in advance.

Build process

The manifold assembly process includes the following steps:

1. Make a frame from wooden slats and cover it with plywood.
2. Place insulation on the bottom and make a sheathing of thin slats.
3. Attach thin metal plates to the surface.
4. Paint the entire structure black.
5. Cut the pipes and connect them together with fittings and angles to form a coil.
6. Mount pipe fasteners on the surface of the shield.
7. Fix the coil on the frame and paint it black
8. Carry out a hydraulic test.
9. Equip the inlets and outlets of the coil using tees and shut-off valves.
10. Cover the top of the structure with geoglass.

From steel corners you need to weld a platform on which the entire system will be mounted.

Installation and connection of the solar collector

First of all, you need to choose a good site for installing a solar collector. Homemade structures are often less efficient than professional ones, so it is better to place them in close proximity to the pool - this will reduce heat loss during water circulation.

Connecting a solar collector reduces heat loss.

The selected place should be prepared: remove the top soil layer and form a sand and gravel cushion. Then the surface is carefully leveled and a layer of concrete is poured. If desired, the platform can be made from paving slabs.

After this, a metal frame is installed.

The next step is to install the collector on the platform. It is important that it faces south. Then a medium-power pump is connected - it will ensure a slow flow of water through the system and better heating.

At the final stage, the efficiency of the collector is checked.

Stages of calculating pool ventilation

For the convenience of designing a swimming pool with a well-designed ventilation system, experts recommend dividing this entire complex process into several stages.

At the first stage, the selection of equipment and materials necessary for the work takes place. Select an experienced team of designers and installers who will offer several different options. They may differ in the equipment used in the device or in the price and installation features. When selecting equipment, you must strive to cooperate with manufacturing companies who, using available software, will help you select everything as accurately as possible, while avoiding unnecessary waste of time and material resources.

At the second stage, a working draft and specification are created and diagrams for installation with the necessary cuts are designed in detail. The next stage is associated with the creation of as-built documentation, such as drawings with technical characteristics, passports and instructions for the installed equipment.

The simplest solar water heater - DIY instructions

From scrap materials you can make simple solar water heaters that are highly efficient in the summer. Cellular polycarbonate and plastic bottles will serve as a good basis for creating such devices.

Made from cellular polycarbonate

First, a frame is made from a wooden beam. Then a coil is welded from copper tubes in which water will circulate. At its ends, fittings are installed to connect the supply and discharge pipes.

The water heater can be made of cellular polycarbonate.

Plywood is attached to one side of the frame, and insulation is placed on top of it. After this, the coil is fixed to the frame. The top of the structure is covered with a polycarbonate sheet. The finished collector is connected to the pump. In addition, a pipe is installed that drains the liquid back into the pool. You can then turn on and test the system.

From plastic bottles

For the manufacture of the device, containers with a volume of 1.5 liters are better suited. A hole should be drilled in the bottom of each of them, the diameter of which should coincide with the neck. Then one bottle is inserted into the other, secured together with a drilled cap. The connections should be soldered so that they are airtight. In this way, 5-6 containers are fastened in a row.

You need to make at least 5 of these batteries. They are connected to each other with a hose to form a coil. The bottles are painted black. Then the formed coil is placed in a pre-made housing, in which the inlet and outlet holes are made. The top of the heater is covered with transparent polycarbonate or glass.

Budget options

All heating devices listed above require a lot of money. An alternative to them would be budget options that give instant results and are designed only for small pools:

• A kettle or boiler - available, almost free, but requires increased caution (especially in the case of a boiler);
• “Snail” is a mini-solar collector with a fairly simple design. Much cheaper than a full-fledged system, does not require installation, and is easy to operate. Among the important disadvantages - it works only from the sun;
• Thermal blanket or special covering for a pool - allows you to heat the water for 3-4 hours, protects the pond from leaves and insects, and has a low price. When using this heating method, remember that the water will only be heated from above. In order for the heat to be distributed evenly, the pump should be turned on.

DIY solar storage system

Solar storage systems are often used to install a summer shower in the country. A container of water is placed on top of the cabin. The liquid is heated throughout the day and then used for bathing. However, if desired, you can make a larger storage system suitable for heating the water in the pool. To do this, it is better to use several plastic tanks. They are connected to each other by a metal-plastic pipe. The fixation points are carefully sealed.

On one side of the system, an inlet hose is connected, through which the pump will pump water from the pool into the storage tanks. On the opposite side there is an outlet through which the liquid is drained back. In addition, it is necessary to install shut-off valves so that after the pump stops working, the water does not continue to circulate. Remaining in the drive, it will quickly heat up to the desired temperature. After this, it can be launched back into the pool.

How to choose the right system?

The design features of the heat pump make it more resistant to high humidity than any other water heating system. But you need to choose the right type of heat pump, i.e. determine the source of low-grade thermal energy.

The more stable the ambient temperature, the more efficient the heat pump operates. Land is considered the best option in this regard, but practical implementation requires the fulfillment of a number of not very simple conditions.

This table allows you to determine the power of your pool heat pump. Calculations were made taking into account the presence of a protective coating from the sun (+)

A spacious plot of land and large-scale excavation work will be required. The pipes through which water circulates will have to be placed deep in the soil; fulfilling this requirement is not always possible or convenient. Ground-to-water heat pumps are rarely used for swimming pools.

A water heat pump is a little easier to install, since water is used as an energy source. The best option is a nearby body of water: pond, lake, river, etc.

Not all land owners have access to such resources. A more affordable solution to the problem is to lower the water pipes into a well or well. This means that an additional water source may have to be built on the site.

Less time and effort will be required to install a heat pump that consumes energy dissipated in the air masses. To organize intensive air exchange, powerful fans are used. There is no need to lay pipes in the ground or drill a new well.

Air-to-water heat pumps allow you to heat a large volume of water in a pool with minimal electrical energy consumption

Of course, the heating efficiency of an air source heat pump may be slightly lower than when using stable energy sources such as earth or water. However, for use during the season from spring to autumn, and not all year round, this model is ideal. Most pools on sites are used during this period.

The heat pump can also be used in conjunction with other heating systems, such as electric heating. To heat a home, such models are sometimes combined with a gas or electric boiler. This is especially appropriate in areas with harsh climates, since at air temperatures below -20 degrees, the efficiency of heat pumps sharply decreases.

A feature of any industrial heat pump model is its high price. You can reduce costs if you build such a device yourself. This is not a very difficult task; many craftsmen have successfully completed it. But industrial models are more reliable, efficient and easier to manage.

According to reviews, the high cost of an industrial heat pump model pays off within the first couple of years of operation, and sometimes in just a few months. In this case, it is very important to choose a model whose power will exactly match the heat needs of the facility.