One of the most popular buildings in suburban areas is the bathhouse, which in our country has long been used not only for hygiene procedures, but also as a place of relaxation. The abundance of materials available on the construction market allows you to build a utility block with a bathhouse and toilet with your own hands. Moreover, such a structure will turn out to be much cheaper than when a bathhouse is built by specialists hired from outside. A distinctive feature of bathhouses with a terrace is the possibility of expanding their functionality through additional extensions.
Project of a utility block made of timber with a bathhouse and a woodshed under one roof
Under one roof there can be a garage, as well as a bathhouse with a utility room, which will serve as a utility room, warehouse or storage room.
Bathhouse layout
The construction of a bathhouse should begin with drawing up a diagram of the premises and an estimate. The bathhouse has one feature that distinguishes it from other types of buildings: the rooms where hygienic procedures take place, that is, the washing room and steam room, and partly the dressing room, require heating.
Therefore, to save money and time, it is recommended to calculate the internal volume of the premises, taking into account how many people will be there at the same time, no more and no less.
To save thermal energy, it is also recommended to choose a simpler Russian bathhouse design, not to make high ceilings, but to calculate the height, taking into account the height of an adult with a small margin. Having figured out the dimensions of the main and utility rooms, you should prepare a communications diagram.
Project option for a utility block with a bathhouse on a pile foundation
A bathhouse with a terrace must have a drainage system and ventilation. Sometimes the baths do not have electricity or running water, but still, if it is possible to connect them, it is worth taking advantage of it.
Video description
How much does a cedar sauna cost? How is Canadian cutting different from regular cutting?
And examples of architectural projects in the photo:
Two-story house with a bathhouse made of rounded logsSource dobrostroy25.ru
Project of a bathhouse with an attic and verandaSource pinterest.co.uk
Project of a garage with a bathhouse under one roof, and an attic floor in the houseSource makemone.ru
A house with a bathhouse under one roof and a balcony on the attic floor. Source oknakomforta.ru
One-story guest house with a bathhouseSource pt.decoratex.biz
Guest house with a bathhouse under one roof and a verandaSource banyabest.ru
Materials for building a bathhouse
With rare exceptions in our country, bathhouses are built of wood with a gable roof, so the skills of a carpenter and joiner will be in demand during its construction. To build a foundation, you will have to master the profession of a mason, but, as practice shows, there is nothing difficult about it and building a bathhouse with your own hands in a season is quite within the capabilities of two people who have taken up this business for the first time.
A wooden bathhouse with a garage can be built of several types. The simplest is the design of a cabin-type bathhouse, a light, durable and cheap room based on a wooden bathhouse frame, sheathed inside and outside with boards or clapboards, insulated and well insulated from moisture, with a pitched roof.
Bathhouse layout with rest room and utility room
Such a bathhouse can last for several years and still, after a while, you will have to build a new one. Therefore, it is preferable to design a multifunctional, capital bathhouse made of profiled or non-profiled timber.
For normal functioning, a bathhouse with a garage must be as well insulated as a living space. Modern materials make it possible to reduce the cost of construction due to less use of relatively expensive wooden products, bars and boards.
Examples of finished structures
This is what a high-quality, solid bathhouse in a garage can look like. Almost all surfaces are made of smooth, light-colored wooden boards. A stone wall separates the steam room from the main part of the stove; only the container with the heating stones is brought outside. There is only one lamp - a diamond-shaped one, above the front door (which is lighter than the walls surrounding it).
Here is another example - with a stove located in the steam room itself. The walls around it are decorated with stone, the substrate is also made of stone, and the rest of the room is decorated in a more familiar way - with boards. The main structure is made in the form of steps; an imitation of a log house is used around the entrance door.
A visual representation of the bathhouse project in the garage basement can be seen below.
General recommendations for building a bathhouse
You can build a warm, cozy bathhouse that will last for many years, following simple rules and familiarizing yourself with the nuances of construction. As in the case of a bicycle, inventing something fundamentally new in the construction of a bathhouse is difficult, and not necessary. There are many bathhouse schemes that have been proven in practice, using one of which you can save a lot of time, money and effort.
Option for planning a bathhouse with a utility room under one roof
The classic size of a bathhouse is often considered to be a wooden frame of 10 square meters; it can easily accommodate 2-3 people at the same time. It is advisable to place the entrance to the bathhouse on the south side, based on this you need to draw up a project. In order to save energy, windows in rooms are kept small, and the same goes for doors. The inside of the bathhouse should be lined with boards or clapboards made of hardwood.
For external cladding, if required, the quality of the wood is not so important, the main thing is that it is treated with water-repellent and antifungal compounds.
A bathhouse made of brick, shell rock or cinder block, properly planned, properly insulated from steam and lined with wood on the inside, is no different in quality from bathhouses built entirely of wood, and is many times superior to them in durability.
How to make a 3 in1 utility unit with your own hands
The first thing you need to do when you set out to build a utility block with a wood shed, a bathroom and a shed is a drawing (project).
It is worth marking and calculating all the details of the structure, the construction plan and determining the size of each room. This will help calculate the amount of material and avoid mistakes during the construction process.
Preparing the foundation and erecting the frame of a shed with a wood shed and a toilet
The first stage of construction is the construction of the foundation and frame:
- The foundation can be made of a columnar type. To do this, they dig holes 1 m deep at the reference points, into which crushed stone and sand are poured and logs are installed, deepening them by 60–70 cm. Another option for the foundation is a strip foundation. It involves removing 20 cm of soil around the perimeter. Sand and cement mortar are poured into the resulting trench. Pipes with a diameter of 20 cm are placed at the support points.
- Frame construction. A 15x15 cm beam is used for it. The beam is laid on the base and connected. At the joints, the elements are connected using self-tapping screws.
- Frame assembly. For its construction, a beam is used, but not necessarily the same size as in the case of a frame. The process starts from the corner points of the structure. To fasten the racks in a vertical position, use corners and self-tapping screws.
Reference! To prevent mold from appearing on wooden material, it is recommended to treat it with an antiseptic or drying oil.
How to cover walls
For wall cladding, tongue and groove boards are most often used.
It is usually attached directly to the frame using self-tapping screws.
Regarding the toilet and shower, it is recommended to use plastic material for the walls.
For the floor, you need to pour a concrete screed and lay tiles.
Attention! When constructing a subfloor in a utility room bathroom, boards with a thickness of at least 2.5 cm are used
How and what to build a roof from
For a utility block with a firewood shed, both gable and single-pitch roof structures are suitable. It is better to use boards with a cross-section of 50×70 mm.
A rafter system is constructed from them and attached to the upper frame frame, observing a step of 60 cm.
The rafters are always held together using a 20 cm thick board. It is also a lathing for the future roof.
Materials used for roofing:
- tiles;
- slate;
- corrugated sheeting;
- roofing felt
The above materials can be attached directly to the prepared rafter system.
It is recommended to maintain a roof slope of 10 degrees.
Pouring the foundation
For a bathhouse with a garage, a strip foundation is usually poured. The exception is small, light and mobile baths that can be placed on a columnar foundation. A strip foundation is more difficult and expensive to build, but the result is worth it. Such a foundation can support both a stone building and a bathhouse with two floors.
The trench into which the foundation will be poured is dug along the entire contour of the building, as well as under load-bearing internal walls, if they are intended. The basis of the strip foundation is a carefully compacted sand cushion. Sometimes the foundation is reinforced to give it greater strength. If the building is being erected from stone materials, this will have to be done. Before pouring, pipes for the bathhouse sewage system are laid in the trenches, if this is provided for in the project, and other communications are installed.
The process of pouring a strip foundation for a utility block and a bathhouse
After pouring the concrete, the foundation should set and settle for several days. It is desirable that the strip foundation for the bathhouse rise above the ground by at least 25 cm. Waterproofing of the foundation is required; this can be thick construction cellophane or two layers of overlapping roofing felt; sometimes for even greater insulation it is coated with bitumen along the entire length.
Construction requirements
Taking into account all of the above, the structure must meet certain requirements. And they are directly related to the foundation. Here is their list:
- It is necessary to select and provide the construction with excellent waterproofing. Many substances that are present in the garage can have an aggressive effect on the base of the structure. And the high temperature and high humidity of the steam room will certainly increase the negative effect on the foundation, accelerating the destruction process. All this will significantly reduce the operating time of the entire building if you do not worry about neutralizing these factors in advance.
- Due to the fact that completely different temperature conditions and humidity prevail in the two main rooms, the partition between them can quickly become unusable. It is necessary to take care of good thermal insulation. Experts advise building not one, but two walls between the garage and the bathhouse, making a storm drain between them.
- It is necessary to ensure good drainage in the premises. So that excess moisture cannot reach the foundation of the building.
- It is also necessary to take care of protection from melt and storm water. We need high-quality drainage and an efficient drainage system to remove moisture away from the building.
All these measures can protect the base of the structure from the destructive effects of water and the operational life of the entire utility unit will significantly increase Source makemone.ru
Construction of walls and roofs
Along the perimeter of the foundation, a frame of wooden blocks is laid on the waterproofing layer. The technology for constructing wooden walls varies depending on the type of bars, their sizes and the type of joints.
The main thing is not to fit them too tightly to each other at the joints; any gaps that appear should be filled with insulation. As the walls are erected, door and window blocks are immediately inserted. After installing the log house, they begin to work on the roof.
Installing a gable roof on a timber bathhouse
Like walls, the roof is built according to a standard scheme: first, a base is mounted along the contour of the building, then rafters are installed on it. If the chimney or ventilation duct in the bathhouse will not exit through the wall, but through the roof, it must be installed before installing the sheathing. The roof covering can be anything; here the choice, if at all, has limitations, then only financial ones.
Compatibility of the bathhouse with other outbuildings on the site: pros and cons
The desire to compactly place residential and commercial facilities on the site, not forgetting about the garden, vegetable garden, flower beds and other landscape design, inevitably leads to the idea that some buildings could be combined. Sometimes this combination turns out to be very successful, in other cases it inspires concern. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze each case separately.
With a barn
Let’s say right away that we consider this combination to be successful. The main advantage will be that you will have firewood at hand (if it is a woodshed), and you do not need to build a separate roof for it.
Bathhouse, barn, gazebo (terrace) under one roof. A storage room or part of a recreation room can be used as a shed. Photo StroyDom
If you plan everything so that you can get to the firewood either without going outside, or at least moving under a canopy, you will get the most convenient option for placing a bathhouse with a shed under one roof.
ceresit floor leveler cn 175
In addition, the wall to which the shed will adjoin will not cool down as much , because it will not go outside. Of course, if not used for a long time, the temperature everywhere will be outside or almost outside, but we are talking about what will happen after heating. Even a cold barn is a barrier to outside cold.
A bathhouse with a woodshed under one roof, with panoramic windows. Teplokrepost Photos
Well, as for the downsides, you should always keep in mind that bathhouses burn most often . And if a shed is attached to it, then you can lose it along with its contents.
In principle, if you don’t call the additional room a “barn” and don’t clutter it with junk, then you can use it in a variety of ways - both as a workshop and as a place to prepare for receiving guests (we’ll talk about the summer kitchen below).
In other words, the way you usually use the bathhouse should give you ideas about the most rational use of the utility room area. Of course, no one has canceled the storage of firewood and tools for working in the garden.
Bathhouse with barn under one roof + porch, hallway and recreation room. Photo StroyDom
Now a little about the construction features.
Alternatively, you can divide the space of the veranda located in front of the entrance, allocating part of it for a closed firewood shed. Then you will go out to get firewood without leaving the covered space. It is very comfortable.
With barbecue
Since the space occupied by the necessary equipment for it depends on the meaning that each of you puts into the concept of “barbecue,” let me clarify what generally happens here.
Corner bathhouse with a gazebo, on the territory of which there is a barbecue area under one roof. Teplokrepost Photos
So, you want to cook meat next to the sauna. If it’s exclusively barbecue, then a portable grill with coals is enough for you. For grilling and other types of meat processing, you can use either miracle technology or a traditional oven.
In the latter case, more space will be needed. Firstly, the location must be chosen well, because the stove is placed on a concrete foundation. Secondly, it is not only heavy, but also voluminous, and it has a chimney, which must also be taken into account, positioning it so that constant winds do not carry smoke and odors towards residential buildings.
So, for a barbecue , a canopy, a table and the barbecue itself are enough. For electric grills and the like, you again need a roof or a room where there is electricity. For the stove you will need a stationary space, at least (!) a square meter (this is a really small and relatively inexpensive brick stove with shelves). It is also advisable to place it under the roof.
Bathhouse with barbecue under one roof. Photo by Uralekodom
In addition to the cooking area, one more question needs to be resolved: will you eat on the veranda or in the relaxation room? Is your bathhouse seasonal or year-round? In the first case, it is enough to make a large veranda to accommodate guests and allocate a situational space for cooking. In the second case, you will have either a closed warm terrace or an open terrace and a relaxation room , as well as a covered cooking area.
The advantages of placing a bathhouse with a barbecue under one roof are that the area of increased fire danger becomes more compact, and those who like to sit at the table receive maximum convenience when preparing food.
There are no cons visible at all. Of course, everything related to electricity needs increased attention , but that’s all.
If a stationary stove is installed, the barbecue area is designed as a permanent cooking place, which can easily be turned into a summer kitchen.
With summer kitchen
A summer kitchen differs from a barbecue area in two ways: there is a stove for cooking regular food and there is water. There is light in both cases. Whether the space will be closed or open depends on whether the owners want to come to the bathhouse and barbecue in winter.
A bathhouse with a closed (glazed) terrace and a summer kitchen under one roof. Teplokrepost Photos
If the kitchen is summer not only in name, then the easiest way is to make it in the form of a canopy along one of the bath walls, under which there will be a stove, an oven, and a water supply with outlet to the sewer. If the stoves are coal-fired or wood-burning, then it is also important to properly route the chimney outside the canopy.
A two-story house with a bathhouse, a terrace, and a summer kitchen under one roof. Photo StroyDom
In the summer, it is more convenient for the owners to do both cooking and monitor the preparation of the bathhouse for the procedures. We consider this a plus. Another advantage is that you don’t need to extend utility lines far - the cable for lighting can come from the sauna electrical panel, and water drainage will be carried out at a lower cost.
There are no cons here either, but what to pay attention to is stated above.
Bathhouse and swimming pool
The name itself suggests that the pool is supposed to be placed indoors. And that it will be stationary. The dimensions of such a pool can vary widely. Depending on your finances.
But whatever the size, the advantages of combining a bathhouse and a swimming pool under one roof are obvious - their owners are free to swim there at any time, and what a joy it is for children!
choosing a heating boiler for a private home
Since building a swimming pool is not cheap, and also requires the purchase of equipment and constant maintenance, the owners will not consider providing proper ventilation an insurmountable problem. After all, liquid is constantly evaporating from a large mirror of water.
Bathhouse with swimming pool and terrace. Teplokrepost Photos
This means that a ventilation system must be installed in the room at the planning stage, most likely forced or natural with the possibility of forced ventilation.
Of course, we will not call the need for specific care for the pool in the bathhouse a minus. Because all things have this side - you need to take care of them. Therefore, it simply needs to be taken into account when making a choice.
Bath floor
Since the bathhouse deals with moisture for a long time, it is very important to make the floor in the room warm and dry. First of all, you should insulate the base of the building; for this you can use mineral wool or polystyrene foam. From the inside, three procedures are performed on the floor: waterproofing, insulation and sheathing. To insulate the floor, you can use expanded clay, evenly distributing it over the entire surface.
Scheme of flooring in a bathhouse for self-installation
Next, additional insulation is carried out with mineral wool and a layer of vapor barrier is laid, after which the boards can be laid, nailing them to the joists. In the future, after finishing work, you can return to the floor by finishing it.
So that it doesn't drip on your head
No matter what drawing you draw, the requirements for any type of woodshed are the same. Freshly cut firewood should dry well in it, and dry firewood should not get wet in the rain and snow. This means that it is necessary to ensure good airflow (ventilation), but protect the structure from dampness. And direct sunlight.
The latter seems strange, but experienced people confirm: firewood that has been lying in the sun for a long time does not burn well in the stove and produces little heat. Provide lighting. It will come in handy in the evening.
The approach to the woodshed should be convenient and clean. If you are not confident in your design talents, place the woodshed on the back side of the house so that it does not become an eyesore. Choose a site for construction on a level and dry place.
Finishing work
A bathhouse with a garage requires increased attention in terms of thermal insulation, and it should be taken into account that it is advisable to insulate the premises not only on one side, the inside, but also on the outside. Internal insulation is more important; it retains most of the heat. Insulation can be done with polystyrene foam and mineral wool, as well as any other more modern and efficient materials available on the domestic construction market.
Interior arrangement and decoration of the bath room
The corner part of the building must be carefully sealed or covered with overlays.
When finishing and insulating walls, several layers are obtained:
- Wall (made of timber or brick);
- Waterproofing layer;
- Wood lathing;
- Insulation (for example, mineral wool);
- A layer of vapor barrier (for example, aluminum foil).
After installing all the layers, you can do the final finishing, for example, cover the walls with clapboard or board, having previously calculated the amount of clapboard on a calculator.
Let's dance from the stove
We don’t start with purchasing materials, choosing a location, or even with a drawing. Initially, you need to understand how much firewood is needed for the season. Why do you need them? For stove heating at home? Bath kindling? Organizing outdoor picnics or a home fireplace? All these needs require different amounts of firewood.
The choice of design depends on the volume that will have to be stored. Do you go to your dacha only on weekends to take a steam bath and barbecue? Then prepare no more than one and a half “cubes”.
Do you constantly live in a house that is heated by a stove? Here the calculation of the need for firewood will be different.
It is believed that for heating a living space of 100 square meters. m will burn up to 2.5 cubic meters of wood per year. But it's always better to have a two-year supply on hand. After all, wooden blanks reach minimum humidity only after a year of storage. They are the ones that burn the best and longest.
In villages, up to 12 “cubes” are harvested at a time. These are several cars. For warehousing and storage of large volumes, a simple shed is not enough.
Below you will find a description of different types of woodsheds - attached and permanent. And also tips on how to stack firewood at the dacha so that it retains its combustible properties for as long as possible and does not spoil the appearance of the site.
The final stage of work
The technology for insulating ceilings is identical to the method for insulating walls. In addition, the ceiling can also be insulated under the roof from the attic side by filling expanded clay between the beams or laying a layer of mineral wool.
To insulate the bathhouse premises, it is important to install windows and doors correctly. There is no consensus on which windows retain heat best; a lot depends on the manufacturer.
Several options for bath insulation
It is important that both wooden and metal-plastic windows, as a rule, use the same double-glazed windows, so the technical characteristics of both types of windows are approximately the same. Of course, if the project plans to make a wooden bathhouse, then for a harmonious combination, it is best to install wooden doors and windows in it too.
conclusions
The proposed option of combining a bathhouse and a utility room is far from the only one. Therefore, the instructions for action here will be traditional for the construction market - first, be sure to conduct research and choose the most suitable option that satisfies all your wishes and placement conditions.
If it were not for the increased demands, not even on the strength, but on the quality of the bathhouse foundation, perhaps it would be recommended to try to do everything yourself. But since the specifics of building baths require experience and qualifications, we advise you to contact professionals who work with already proven project samples.
In the photo, everything was placed on a tubular pile foundation - for a bathhouse this is the best option in terms of preserving the structure for many years
The video in this article may still be able to convince you, in order to save space, to combine a bathhouse with a utility room, if you were unable to solve the placement problem in another way.
Cost calculation
The cost of a bathhouse with a utility unit consists of many factors, and it can fluctuate in different regions of Russia. If we average the price range, we can say that a standard structure with an area of 18–20 square meters will cost, depending on the materials used, the following amounts:
The building, erected using frame-panel technology, will cost about 800 thousand rubles. Arranging a strip foundation for a building will require additional financial investments of approximately 200 thousand rubles.
More details about two-story bathhouse projects can be found at this link.
Reconstruction plan
Provides for the arrangement of a bathhouse on the basis of the specified barn, which will be visited by 4 people once a week, with an estimated water consumption of 55-60 l/person:
- A metal sauna stove using wood fuel, dry weight 210 kg, equipped with an open hot water tank with a capacity of 270 liters, welded from structural steel grade st.3. Filling will be done via a hose. Heater of non-flowing type, combined basket filling: gabbrodiabase 70% + quartzite 30%, total weight 60 kg
- The steam room and washing room, due to the presence of an open hot water boiler and the small area of the room, will be combined and located on the available 2/3 of the area. The dressing room will take up 1/3 and will also be used for storing brooms and an operational supply of dry firewood;
- The sewerage system, due to the moderate drainage of moisture by the soil, will be represented by a water ladder, a drainage plastic sewer pipe with a diameter of 110 mm, and a hole 150 cm deep with a diameter of 1400 mm, dug at a distance of 4 m from the building’s base line. The walls of the pit will be lined with recycled truck tires, size 530/70R21, which in metric terms is 1300x530-533mm. The approximate capacity of the septic tank is 2.3 cubic meters gross;
- Due to the poor condition of the floors, the old structure will be dismantled and a new one erected viz. Under a 100 mm thick concrete pad reinforced with a metal mesh, foam plastic is laid on top of a layer of waterproofing, with a sewer pipe with a drain and branches laid. The pipe is put into an insulating casing. The thickness of the finished screed floor is 35 mm. Thin ceramic tiles with a textured surface are laid on it in order to minimize the risk of injury as a result of visitors sliding on a wet surface;
- Under the sauna stove, it is necessary to organize a foundation base, untied from the main tape. We covered the rules for laying a foundation when we told you how to build a sauna stove yourself.
By the way! In principle, due to the fact that the weight of the equipped furnace is relatively small, and our project is distinguished by the most economical approach to the development of funds, you can try to avoid the use of expensive reinforcement in favor of reinforcing the concrete mass with basalt fiber. Plastic fiber works somewhat worse due to the weak adhesion of cement to polypropylene. Basalt fiber can increase impact strength by 230%, abrasion resistance by 150%, improve bending strength, compression, torsion, axial tensile strength by 50-80%. The limit of crack resistance and water resistance increases by 80% and 25%, respectively. All of the above arguments can be taken into account when reinforcing a concrete floor base with fiber.
- The old blind window must be dismantled and a metal-plastic hinged window installed with a ventilation function, since the presence of an open water heating tank causes high humidity in the room, and at the same time, increased requirements for the organization of ventilation.
How to combine or attach: project
Today there are many ready-made projects for country saunas/baths combined with a utility unit. They differ in overall dimensions, number of interior spaces, materials used and, as a result, complexity of implementation and final cost. But it’s quite possible, with some skills, to create your own.
When designing such structures, some construction nuances should be taken into account:
Under the same roof
The utility block can act as a utility room, workshop, country shed, woodshed, summer kitchen - this department has many purposes. The roof in the combined structure must be common in order to prevent the penetration of atmospheric moisture into the premises and, as a result, the occurrence of dampness and the appearance of mold colonies.
asymmetrical gable roof with offset ridge girder
Mold not only spoils the appearance of interior decoration, contributes to the accelerated destruction of building structures, but is a source of allergens and toxins that are very harmful to health, which can negate the healing effect of a steam procedure.
With toilet
Such a building is one of the most successful and functional building structures.
There are two options for organizing a toilet under the same roof as a sauna room:
A prerequisite for the construction of a bathhouse with a toilet room is the need to organize a reliable heating system capable of maintaining the indoor temperature at a positive level in the most severe frosts.
With a woodcutter
The simplest of the combined structures. Provides for the presence of an additional room under a single roof used for storing solid fuel - firewood, coal, necessary for the operation of heating boilers. Such a utility room can be added if necessary. Or use a barn located near the bathhouse.
